5. sole proprietorship
– единоличное владение6. short-term (current) assets
– текущие (краткосрочные) активы7. long-term (fixed) assets
– долгосрочные (внеоборотные) активы8. seasonal commercial loan
– сезонный коммерческий кредит9. installment loan
– кредит с погашением в рассрочку10. collateralized loan
– обеспеченный кредит11. credit card advance
– аванс по кредитной карте12. lump sum
– единая сумма13. compensating balance
– компенсационный остаток14. deposit account (DA)
– депозитный счет15. executive summary
– резюме16. five Cs (capacity to repay, capital, collateral, conditions, character)
– пять аспектов оценки при предоставлении кредита17. pledge
pledge
18. reference
19. net worth
– чистая ценность20. profit and loss statement (P&L)
– отчет о прибылях и убытках21. ratio analysis
– анализ коэффициентов22. gross profit margin
– маржа валовой прибыли23. operating profit margin
– маржа операционной прибыли24. extraordinary items
– экстраординарные события (чрезвычайные обстоятельства)25. quick ratio (acid test ratio)
– коэффициент быстрой ликвидности26. checking account
– чековый (текущий) счет27. current ratio
– коэффициент текущей ликвидности28. debt ratio
– отношение заемного капитала к собственному29. turnover ratio
– коэффициент оборачиваемости30. collection period ratio
– средний срок инкассации поступлений31. days to sell inventory ratio
– средний срок продажи запасов32. days purchases in accounts payable ratio
– средний срок оплаты поставщиков33. pro forma
– гипотетическийExercise 1*. Find synonyms to the following terms and make sentences of your own using these synonyms.
quick ratio; long-term assets; preferred stock; leverage; margin trading; face value; inventory; all-equity financed firm; income statement; strike price
Exercise 2. Make a dialogue between an entrepreneur who needs to raise funds for his business and a commercial banker. As a banker, you should decide whether you are going to extend credit to this business and explain why you consider reasons for viewing this enterprise an attractive credit opportunity.
Exercise 3. Write a loan application for your business. Invent a bank’s response denying a loan and supplying reasons for a denial.
Exercise 4. Write a business plan for your company using the following outline.
Sample Business Plan
Title Page
Name of Company, Date, Contact Information, etc.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Business Concept
Company
Market Potential
Management Team
Distinct Competencies
Required Funding and its Use
Exit Strategy
Main Sections
I. Company Description
Mission Statement
Summary of Activity to Date
Current Stage of Development
Competencies
Product or Service
Description
Benefits to Customer
Differences from Current Offerings
Objectives
Keys to Success
Location and Facilities
II. Industry Analysis
Entry Barriers
Supply and Distribution
Technological Factors
Seasonality
Economic Influences
Regulatory Issues
III. Market Analysis
Definition of Overall Market
Market Size and Growth
Market Trends
Market Segments
Targeted Segments
Customer Characteristics
Customer Needs
Purchasing Decision Process
Product Positioning
IV. Competition
Profiles of Primary Competitors
Competitors’ Products/Services & Market Share
Competitive Evaluation of Product
Distinct Competitive Advantage
Competitive Weaknesses
Future Competitors
V. Marketing and Sales
Products Offered
Pricing
Distribution
Promotion
Advertising and Publicity
Trade Shows
Partnerships
Discounts and Incentives
Sales Force
Sales Forecasts
VI. Operations
Product Development
Development Team
Development Costs
Development Risks
Manufacturing (if applicable)
Production Processes
Production Equipment
Quality Assurance
Administration