9. deregulation
10. overseas
11. Standard & Poor’s (S&P)
– Стэндард энд Пурс (США): ведущая фирма по финансовому консультированию и установлению кредитного рейтинга ценных бумаг12. credit rating
– кредитный рейтинг13. investment-grade credit rating
– кредитный рейтинг инвестиционного уровня14. start-up
start up
startup
15. scholarship
16. rank
ranking
17. debt
debtor
18. repayment
repay
19. dilution
dilute
20. liability
21. downgrade
22.lender
lend
23. provision
24. checks and balances
– система сдержек и противовесов25. originator
26. mark-to-market
– ежедневная переоценка биржевых позиций для учета изменения цен, переоценка портфеля ценных бумаг на основе текущих цен; ежедневная переоценка чистых активов27. price-to-earnings (P/E)
– отношение цены акции к прибыли28. multiple
29. peak
peak
30. creditworthiness
creditworthy
31. utility
32. joint venture (JV)
– совместное предприятие33. whistle-blower
– лицо, поднявшее тревогу при обнаружении злоупотребления34. quarter (Q)
quarterly
35. treasury
treasurer
36. file a suit
– подать искExercise 1. Answer the following questions.
1. What was Enron’s attitude towards tangible assets? 2. For what purpose were Enron’s partnerships set up? 3. How was Enron established and how did it evolve over 15 years? 4. How did professionals initially perceive Enron? 5. Why was Enron having financial problems? 6. What did Enron do to counteract the growing competition in energy trading? 7. What was the financial strategy that Enron employed? 8. How did its CFO contribute to Enron’s collapse? 9. What kind of problems did Enron have with its international projects? 10. What were the key strategic mistakes that Enron made?
Exercise 2*. Find terms in the text that match definitions given below and make sentences of your own with each term.
1. insolvent debtor
2. a person appointed and authorized to examine books of account
3. a rival for sales of the same or similar merchandise
4. the legal combination of corporations in which their assets are transferred to the resulting successor corporation
5. the aid or award given to a student by a fund, school, or institution, on the basis of his merit or need
6. the act of pledging, obligating, or engaging oneself
7. to equalize or counterbalance; to compensate
8. a process instituted in a court of justice for the enforcement or protection of a right or claim
9. the innermost or the most essential part of anything
10. accumulation of stores or materials beforehand; a stipulation
Exercise 3. Name Enron’s stakeholders and describe how they were affected by its collapse.
Exercise 4. Write speeches for the prosecutor and counsel for defense that they could used during the Enron trial.
Exercise 5*. Fill in the blanks using terms given below.
The Pride and the Fall of Enron