Jerusalem: The Biography

4 Armenians and Mongols 1300: Hintlian, History of the Armenians in the Holy Land 4–5. Reuven Amitai, ‘Mongol Raids into Palestine’, JRAS 236–55. Niccolo of Poggibonsi quoted in Peters, Jerusalem 410.

5 Mamluk Jerusalem: this is based on Burgoyne’s Mamluk Jerusalem; Irwin on Mamluk politics; Kroyanker. Nasir visit 1317 and building: Burgoyne, Mamluk Jerusalem 77–85; Sufis 419–21; Nasir and Tankiz 278–97 and 223–33; Citadel 85; Mamluk style 89; blind Ala al-Din 117; tradition of Mamluk tombs from Nur al-Din 167–8. Mamluk style: Kroyanker 47–58. On building: Drory, Cathedra 1.198–209. Citadel rebuilt: Hawari, OJ

493–518.

Nasir Muhammad: this portrait is based on Irwin 105–21, including Irwin quote greatest and nastiest. On Nasir and killing of amirs: Ibn Battutah, Travels 18–20; on Jerusalem 26–8. Nasir: Burns, Damascus 201–16. Administration: Little in Asali, Jerusalem 187–9; on Muslim literature of fadail; 193–5, Sufis 191–2. On Nasir waqfs, building, Mujir 102; on parades in Jerusalem 181–2. Irwin: Mamluk executions 86; on religious jurist Ibn Taymiyya 96–7; anti-Christian and anti-Jewish policies 97–9; Mongols 99–104. Mamluk religion, Sunni and Sufism: Northrup, CHE 1.265–9; politics, rise of Nasir and autocracy 251–3. On proximity to Haram: Tankiz inscription ‘pure neighbour’: Burgoyne, Mamluk Jerusalem

65. On waqfs: Ibn Khaldun quoted in Peters, Jerusalem 381. Al-Hujr poem on hell and paradise: quoted by Mujir 184. Bedouin attacks: Burgoyne, Mamluk Jerusalem 59; on Sufis 63. New sanctity of Jerusalem: Book of Arousing Souls by al-Fazari quoted in Peters, Jerusalem 374; Ibn Taymiyya 375–8. King Robert and Franciscans: Clare Mouradian, ‘Les Chrétiens: Un Enjeu pour les Puissances’, in C. Nicault (ed.) Jérusalem, 1850–1948: Des Ottomans aux Anglais, entre coexistence spirituelle et déchirure politique 177–204. Franciscans and King Robert of Apulia/Calabria: Felix Fabri, The Book of Wanderings

2.279–82. Ludolph von Suchem in Peters, Jerusalem 422. Little, Sacred Esplanade 177–87. Burgoyne, Sacred Esplanade 189–209. Irwin: brutality 86; Ibn Taymiyya 96–7; anti-minority policies 97–9; Mongol invasion 99–104.

6 Ibn Khaldun and Tamurlane: Ibn Khaldun 5, 39, 269. Walter J. Fischel, Ibn Khaldun and Tamerlane 14–17, 45–8. Jerusalem ulema offer keys: Burgoyne, Mamluk Jerusalem 59. Local Jerusalems: Anu Mand, ‘Saints’ Corners in Medieval Livonia’, in Alan V. Murray, Clash of Cultures on the Medieval Baltic Frontier

191–223.

7 Non-Muslim Jerusalem under late Mamluks: Little, Sacred Esplanade 177–87; Burgoyne, Sacred Esplanade 189–209. Stillman, CHE 1.209. New minarets at Salahiyya Khanqah in 1417: Burgoyne, Mamluk Jerusalem 517; on Jews 64 – on tranquillity – Isaac ben Chelo 1374; on trades Elijah of Ferrara. New minarets over Christian and Jewish shrines: Mujir 69, 163, 170; attack on Christians 1452, 254–6. A. David, ‘Historical Significance of Elders Mentioned in Letters of Rabbi Obadiah of Bertinaro’, and Augusti Arce, ‘Restrictions upon Freedom of Movement of Jews in Jerusalem’, in Cathedra 2.323–4. Prayers at Golden Gate: Isaac ben Joseph quoted in Peters, Jerusalem 192; population and prayers, Meshullam of Voltera 408; Obadiah, prayers at gates 408; gradual ruin, jackals, attacks during drought, Obadiah’s disciple, seventy families, Jewish study house near Western Wall?, facing Temple on Olives 392, 473, 407–9; Meshuallam and Obadiah, Jewish pilgrims 407–9; Isaac ben Joseph 1334 on French Jews, law studies, Kabbala 474–5. Jewish prayers at Zechariah tomb, cemetery, and visit to the gates, Huldah, Golden Gate: Archaeological Park 36, 98, 107.