Английский разговорный язык. Практическое пособие по развитию устной речи

freaking hot – ненормально жарко

fibre optic-based – основанная на оптико-волоконной технологии

Exercise 18

Answer the questions:

1. Why did the couple decide to go to Florida?

2. Where did they plan to stay?

3. Why was it difficult for them to coordinate their travel plans?

4. What day of the week did the husband fly?

5. What error did the husband make?

6. Where did the widow come from in Houston?

7. What had her husband died of?

8. Why did the widow lose consciousness?

9. What was the weather like in the place where she received the e-mail from?

10. Where did she receive the letter from?

11. What material did the German team dig out?

12. Who invented the first fiber optic-based telephone system 3,000 years ago?

13. Who invented first mobile phones 4,000 years ago?

4. Международная экономика (International Economics)

European Economic Community

Since World War II, countries have reduced barriers to trade mainly through multilateral negotiations such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

A central premise of the GATT is nondiscrimination: countries should give all GATT members the same access to their markets. The main exemption to that rule is free trade areas. Partners to free trade agreements are allowed to exempt one another\'s goods from import duties while maintaining tariffs and/or quotas on products from other GATT countries. The European Economic Community (EEC), the most prominent example of a free trade area, actually is what economists call a customs union. Whereas member nations in a free trade area remove all barriers to trade among themselves, in a customs union they also adopt uniform tariffs on goods and services from outside the union.

The EEC is currently attempting to transform itself from a customs union to a true common market in which capital and labour, and not just goods, are allowed to flow freely from one country to another. The EEC\'s impact has been significant. In 1960 more than 60 percent of the trade of the Community\'s twelve members was with other parts of the world. Now more than 60 percent stays within the European grouping. Where the EEC contented itself initially with removing internal barriers to trade, it has since expanded into the regulation of domestic markets and monetary unification.

Слова и выражения:

access – доступ

adopt – принимать

barrier – барьер, преграда

community – сообщество

content – удовлетворять(ся)

currently – в настоящий момент

domestic – домашний, внутренний

exempt – исключать

exemption – исключение

expand – распространять(ся), расширять(ся)

grouping – группировка

impact – удар, результат, вклад

import duties – импортные пошлины

initially – изначально

maintain – поддерживать

multilateral

– многосторонний

negotiations – переговоры

nondiscrimination – отсутствие дискриминации

premise – предпосылка

prominent – значительный, важный

quota – квота

tariff – тариф

unification – унификация

uniform – единообразный

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)  – Генеральное соглашение о тарифах и торговле

free trade areas – зона свободной торговли

customs union – таможенный союз