Awe

people reported spiritual experiences: Marsh, Paul, and Andrew Bobilya. “Examining Backcountry Adventure as a Spiritual Experience.” Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership 5 (2013): 74–95. https://doi.org/10.7768/1948-5123.1188.

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sociologists assessed the natural beauty: Ferguson, Todd W., and Jeffrey A. Tamburello. “The Natural Environment as a Spiritual Resource: A Theory of Regional Variation in Religious Adherence.” Sociology of Religion 76, no. 3 (Autumn 2015): 295–314. https://doi.org/10.1093/socrel/srv029.

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traditional ecological knowledge, or TEK: Pierotti, Raymond. Indigenous Knowledge, Ecology, and Evolutionary Biology. New York: Routledge, 2011.

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During experiences of wild awe: Today, plant biologists are documenting how plants show evidence of communication, adaptation, and even intention in how they communicate with other plants through root systems or in the chemicals they release when preyed upon by insects. For a skeptical view of plant consciousness, see: Taiz, Lincoln, Daniel Alkon, Andreas Draguhn, Angus Murphy, Michael Blatt, Chris Hawes, Gerhard Thiel, and David Robinson. “Plants Neither Possess nor Require Consciousness.” Trends in Plant Science 24, no. 8 (2019): 677–87. For another perspective, see: Simard, Suzanne. Finding the Mother Tree: Discovering the Wisdom of the Forest. New York: Alfred Knopf, 2020.

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experiences of awe

: Zhao, Huanhuan, Heyun Zhang, Yan Xu, Jiamei Lu, and Wen He. “Relation between Awe and Environmentalism: The Role of Social Dominance Orientation.” Frontiers in Psychology 9 (2018): 2367. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02367.

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Steven Chu observed: McMahon, Jeff. “Meat and Agriculture Are Worse for the Climate than Power Generation, Steven Chu Says.” Forbes, April 4, 2019. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffmcmahon/2019/04/04/meat-and-agriculture-are-worse-for-the-climate-than-dirty-energy-steven-chu-says/?sh=12fb475611f9.

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“The soul ascends”

: Blanning, Tim. The Romantic Revolution. New York: Random House, 2012, 139.

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Book 6 of his epic: Wordsworth, William. The Prelude—an Autobiographical Poem. Bristol, UK: Ragged Hand, 2020, 9.

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Chapter 7: Musical Awe

“I listen with my body”:

Sontag, Susan. Reborn: Journals and Notebooks, 1947–1963. Edited by David Rieff. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2008.

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This is true for infants: Bainbridge, Constance M., Mila Bertolo, Julie Youngers, S. Atwood, Lidya Yurdum, Jan Simson, Kelsie Lopez, Feng Xing, Alia Martin, and Samuel A. Mehr. “Infants Relax in Response to Unfamiliar Foreign Lullabies.” Nature Human Behaviour 5 (2021): 256–64. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-00963-z.

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Lullabies integrate parent and child: Collins, Anita. The Lullaby Effect: The Science of Singing to Your Child. Self-published, Publicious, 2019.

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