For reasons of space, titles of books are given in short form, and the reader is referred to the bibliography for further information
Abbreviations of principal primary sources used in the notes:
IAA: Richards, D. S., ed. & trans., The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athirfor the Crusading Periodfrom
Al-Kamil fiTTa'rikh, Partj: The Years 589–629/1195–1251: The Ayyubids after Saladin and the Mongol Menace (2008)JB: Boyle, J. A., ed. & trans., Genghis Khan: The History of the World Conqueror by Ata-Malik Juvaini, 2
vols (1997)JR: Raverty, H. G., ed. & trans., [Minhaj Siraj Juzjani,] Tabakat-i-Nasiri: A General History of the Muhammadan Dynasties of Asia,
2 vols (1881)Rachewiltz, Commentary:
Rachewiltz, Igorde, The Secret History of the Mongols, Translated with a Historical and Philological Commentary (2nd ed, 2006), II (commentary)RT: Thackston, W H., ed. & trans., Rashiduddin Fazlullah's Jami
u't-Tawarikh: Compendium of Chronicles. A History of the Mongols, 3 vols (1998)SHC: Cleaves, F. W ed. & trans., The Secret History of the Mongols
(1982)SHO: Onon, Urgunge, ed. & trans., The Secret History of the Mongols: The Life and Times of Chinggis Khan
(2001)SHR: Rachewiltz, Igor de, The Secret History of the Mongols, Translated with a Historical and Philological Commentary
(2nd ed., 2006), I (translation)SHW: Waley, Arthur, The Secret History of the Mongols and other pieces
(1963)