New year customs and rites include elements of fire worshipping (which performs a purificatory functions and promotes rebirth), and of water, floral and animalistic cults which can be traced back to ancient astral cults. World and national religions exist there side by side with archaic ideas of the departing/dying and returning/rising god. This data testifies not only to the fact that the peoples under study have much in common typologically, but to that the peoples of the world form a typological unity, including peoples in Europe, East Asia and Central Asia. This is yet another illustration to the idea put forward by Academician N.I. Konrad of the typological similarity of Eastern and Western cultures.