Кто мы и как сюда попали. Древняя ДНК и новая наука о человеческом прошлом

18 David W. Anthony. The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007).

19 Там же.

20 Там же.

21 Haak et al. “Massive Migration”.

22 Там же; I. Lazaridis et al. “Genomic Insights into the Origin of Farming in the Ancient Near East”, Nature 536 (2016): 419–424.

23 M. Ivanova. “Kaukasus Und Orient: Die Entstehung des ‘MaikopPhänomens’ im 4. Jahrtausend v. Chr”, Praehistorische Zeitschrift 87 (2012): 1–28.

24 Haak et al. “Massive Migration”; Allentoft et al. “Bronze Age Eurasia”.

25 Там же.

26 G. Kossinna. “Die Deutsche Ostmark: Ein Heimatboden der Germanen”, Berlin (1919).

27 B. Arnold. “The Past as Propaganda: Totalitarian Archaeology in Nazi Germany”, Antiquity 64 (1990): 464–478.

28 H. Härke. “The Debate on Migration and Identity in Europe”, Antiquity 78 (2004): 453–456.

29 V. Heyd. “Kossinna’s Smile”, Antiquity 91 (2017): 348–359; M. Van der Linden. “Population History in Third-Millennium BC Europe: Assessing the Contribution of Genetics”, World Archaeology 48 (2016): 714–728; N. N. Johannsen, G. Larson, D. J. Meltzer, M. Van der Linden. “A Composite Window into Human History”, Science

356 (2017): 1118–1120.

30 Vere Gordon Childe. The Aryans: A Study of Indo-European Origins (London and New York: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co. and Alfred A. Knopf, 1926).

31 Härke. “Debate on Migration and Identity”.

32 P. Bellwood. First Migrants: Ancient Migration in Global Perspective (Chichester, West Sussex, UK / Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013).

33 C. McEvedy, R. Jones. Atlas of World Population History (Harmonds-worth, Middlesex, UK: Penguin, 1978).

34 K. Kristiansen. “The Bronze Age Expansion of Indo-European Languages: An Archaeological Model” in: Becoming European: The Transformation of Third Millennium Northern and Western Europe, ed. Christopher Prescott and Håkon Glørstad (Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2011), 165–181.

35 S. Rasmussen et al. “Early Divergent Strains of Yersinia pestis in Eurasia 5,000 Years Ago”, Cell

163 (2015): 571–582.

36 A. P. Fitzpatrick. The Amesbury Archer and the Boscombe Bowmen: Bell Beaker Burials at Boscombe Down, Amesbury, Wiltshire (Salisbury, UK: Wessex Archaeology Reports, 2011).

37 I. Olalde et al. “The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe”, bioRxiv (2017): doi. org/10.1101/135962.

38 L. M. Cassidy et al. “Neolithic and Bronze Age Migration to Ireland and Establishment of the Insular Atlantic Genome”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 113 (2016): 368–373.

39 C. Renfrew. Archaeology and Language: The Puzzle of Indo-European Origins (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).

40 Там же.

41 P. Bellwood. “Human Migrations and the Histories of Major Language Families” in The Global Prehistory of Human Migration (Chichester, UK, and Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013), 87–95.

42 С. Renfrew. Archaeology and Language

; P. Bellwood, First Farmers: The Origins of Agricultural Societies (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005).

43 Haak et al. “Massive Migration”; Allentoft et al. “Bronze Age Eurasia”.

44 D. W. Anthony, D. Ringe. “The Indo-European Homeland from Linguistic and Archaeological Perspectives”, Annual Review of Linguistics 1 (2015): 199–219.

45 L. Poliakov. The Aryan Myth: A History of Racist and Nationalist Ideas in Europe (New York: Basic Books, 1974).

Глава 6. Столкновение, сотворившее Индию

1 The Rigveda, trans. Stephanie W. Jamison and Joel P. Brereton (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), hymns 1.33, 1.53, 2.12, 3.30, 3.34, 4.16, 4.28.

2 M. Witzel. “Early Indian History: Linguistic and Textual Parameters”, in The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity, ed. George Erdosy (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1995), 85–125.