Кто мы и как сюда попали. Древняя ДНК и новая наука о человеческом прошлом

36 P. K. Tucker et al. “Abrupt Cline for Sex-Chromosomes in a Hybrid Zone Between Two Species of Mice”, Evolution 46 (1992): 1146–1163.

37 H. Li, R. Durbin. “Inference of Human Population History from Individual Whole-Genome Sequences”, Nature 475 (2011): 493–496.

38 T. Mailund et al. “A New Isolation with Migration Model Along Complete Genomes Infers Very Different Divergence Processes Among Closely Related Great Ape Species”, PLoS Genetics 8 (2012): e1003125.

39 J. Y. Dutheil et al. “Strong Selective Sweeps on the X Chromosome in the Human-Chimpanzee Ancestor Explain Its Low Divergence”, PLoS Genetics 11 (2015): e1005451.

40 Sankararaman et al. “Genomic Landscape”; B. Jégou et al. “Meiotic Genes Are Enriched in Regions of Reduced Archaic Ancestry”, Molecular Biology and Evolution 34 (2017): 1974–1980.

41 Q. Fu et al. “Ice Age Europe”.

42 I. Juric, S. Aeschbacher, G. Coop. “The Strength of Selection Against Neanderthal Introgression”, PLoS Genetics 12 (2016): e1006340; K. Harris, R. Nielsen. “The Genetic Cost of Neanderthal Introgression”, Genetics

203 (2016): 881–891.

43 G. Bhatia et al. “Genome-Wide Scan of 29, 141 African Americans Finds No Evidence of Directional Selection Since Admixture”, American Journal of Human Genetics 95 (2014): 437–444.

44 Johann G. Fichte. Grundlage der gesamten Wissenschaftslehre (Jena, Germany: Gabler, 1794).

Глава 3. Древняя ДНК открывает шлюзы

1 J. Krause et al. “Neanderthals in Central Asia and Siberia”, Nature 449 (2007): 902–904.

2 J. Krause et al. “The Complete Mitochondrial DNA Genome of an Unknown Hominin from Southern Siberia”, Nature 464 (2010): 894–897.

3 C. Posth et al. “Deeply Divergent Archaic Mitochondrial Genome Provides Lower Time Boundary for African Gene Flow into Neanderthals”, Nature Communications

8 (2017): 16046.

4 Krause et al. “Unknown Hominin”.

5 D. Reich et al. “Genetic History of an Archaic Hominin Group from Denisova Cave in Siberia”, Nature 468 (2010): 1053–1060.

6 K. Prüfer et al. “The Complete Genome Sequence of a Neanderthal from the Altai Mountains”, Nature (2013): doi: 10.1038/nature 12886.

7 Jerry A. Coyne, H. Allen Orr. Speciation (Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, 2004).

8 S. Sankararaman, S. Mallick, N. Patterson, D. Reich. “The Combined Landscape of Denisovan and Neanderthal Ancestry in Present-Day Humans”, Current Biology 26 (2016): 1241–1247.

9 P. Moorjani et al. “A Genetic Method for Dating Ancient Genomes Provides a Direct Estimate of Human Generation Interval in the Last 45,000 Years”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 113 (2016): 5652–5657.

10 Sankararaman et al. “Combined Landscape”.

11 D. Reich et al. “Denisova Admixture and the First Modern Human Dispersals into Southeast Asia and Oceania”, American Journal of Human Genetics

89 (2011): 516–528.

12 Q. Fu et al. “DNA Analysis of an Early Modern Human from Tianyuan Cave, China”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 110 (2013): 2223–2227; M. Yang et al. “40,000-Year-Old Individual from Asia Provides Insight into Early Population Structure in Eurasia”, Current Biology 27 (2017): 3202–3208.

13 Prüfer et al. “Complete Genome”.

14 C. B. Stringer and I. Barnes. “Deciphering the Denisovans”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 112 (2015): 15542–15543.

15 G. A. Wagner et al. “Radiometric Dating of the Type-Site for Homo Heidelber-gensis at Mauer, Germany”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 107 (2010): 19726–19730.

16 C. Stringer. “The Status of Homo heidelbergensis (Schoetensack 1908)”, Evolutionary Anthropology

21 (2012): 101–107.

17 A. Brumm et al. “Age and Context of the Oldest Known Hominin Fossils from Flores”, Nature 534 (2016): 249–253.

18 Reich et al. “Denisova Admixture”.

19 Prüfer et al. “Complete Genome”.

20 Там же; Sankararaman et al. “Combined Landscape”.

21 E. Huerta-Sánchez et al. “Altitude Adaptation in Tibetans Caused by Introgression of Denisovan-like DNA”, Nature 512 (2014): 194–197.

22 F. H. Chen et al. “Agriculture Facilitated Permanent Human Occupation of the Tibetan Plateau After 3600 B.P.”, Science 347 (2015): 248–250.

23 S. Sankararaman et al. “The Genomic Landscape of Neanderthal Ancestry in PresentDay Humans”, Nature 507 (2014): 354–357; B. Vernot and J. M. Akey. “Resurrecting Surviving Neandertal Lineages from Modern Human Genomes”, Science 343 (2014): 1017–1021.