Кто мы? Вызовы американской национальной идентичности

^{491} Noel Ignatiev, How the Irish Became White (New York: Routledge, 1995); Karen Brodkin, How Jews Became White Folks and What That Says About Race in America (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1998); Matthew Frye Jacobson, Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998).

^{492} Reginald Byron, Irish America (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999), p. 273.

^{493} Will Herberg, Protestant, Catholic, Jew: An Essay in American Religious Sociology (Garden City: Doubleday, 1955), p. 43–44; Philip Gleason, Speaking of Diversity: Language and Ethnicity in Twentieth-Century America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992), p. 175; Marcus Lee Hanson, The Problem of the Third Generation Immigrant

(Rock Island, IL: Augustana Historical Society, 1938), p. 12; Nathan Glazer and Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1963), p. 313–314; Herberg, Protestant, Catholic, Jew, p. 40, citing George Rippey Stewart, American Ways of Life (Garden City: Doubleday, 1954).

^{494} Matthijs Kalmijn, «Shifting Boundaries: Trends in Religious and Educational Homogamy», American Sociological Review, 56 (December 1991), p. 786–800; Stephen Steinberg, The Ethnic Myth (New York: Atheneum, 1981), p. 70–71; Robert Christopher, Crashing the Gates: the De-WASPing of America’s Power Elite (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), p. 52–54.

^{495} Arthur Mann, The One and the Many: Reflections on the American Identity (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979), p. 121; Alan M. Dershowitz, The Vanishing American Jew: In Search of Jewish Identity for the Next Century

(Boston: Little, Brown, 1997), p. 16; Richard D. Alba, «Assimilation’s Quiet Tide», Public Interest, 119 (Spring 1995), p. 15; Ari Shavit, «Vanishing», New York Times Magazine, 8 June 1997, p. 52; Gustav Niebuhr, «For Jews, a Little Push for Converts, and a Lot of Angst», New York Times, 13 June 1999, p. WE3.

^{496} Alba, «Assimilation’s Quiet Tide», p. 13.

^{497} Eric Liu, The Accidental Asian: Notes of a Native Speaker (New York: Random House, 1998), p. 188.

^{498} Ibid.

^{499} Richard D. Alba, Ethnic Identity: The Transformation of White America (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990), p. 294; Alba, «Assimilation’s Quiet Tide», p. 5.

^{500}

Alba, Ethnic Identity, p. 313–15.

^{501} John David Skrentny, Color Lines: Affirmative Action, Immigration, and Civil Rights Options for America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001), p. 23; David A. Hollinger, Postethnic America: Beyond Multiculturalism (New York: Basic, 1995), p. 30–31; Orlando Patterson, The Ordeal of Integration: Progress and Resentment in America’s «Racial» Crisis (Washington, D. C.: Civitas/Counterpoint, 1997), p. xi.

^{502} Bureau of the Census/Bureau of Labor Statistics, «A CPS Supplement for Testing Methods of Collecting Racial and Ethnic Information: May 1995» (Washington: Bureau of Labor Statistics, October 1995), Table 4.

^{503} Alba, Ethnic Identity, p. 316–17; Brodkin, How Jews Became White Folks, p. 151.

^{504}

Alba, Ethnic Identity, p. 315; Stanley Lieberson, «Unhyphenated Whites in the United States», Ethnic and Racial Studies, 8 (January 1985), p. 173–175.

^{505} Lieberson, «Unhyphenated Whites», p. 171–172; Boston Globe, 31 May 2002, p. A1; New York Times, 9 June 2002, p. 19.

^{506} См. Economist, 28 February 1998, p.83.

^{507} «Interracial Marriage», Vital STATS, August 1997, http://www.stats.org/newsletters/9708/interrace2.htm.