Нанотехнологии. Наука, инновации и возможности

Возможности совершенствования современных компьютеров очень велики (выше я говорил о том, что мы тратим в 1010 раз больше энергии, чем это требуется теоретически!), так что я могу лишь призвать разработчиков начать следующий этап развития, который позволит обеспечить экспоненциальный рост скорости и эффективности.

Благодарю за внимание!

Акронимы и аббревиатуры

AFM – atomic force microscopy

AI – artificial intelligence

ANSI – American National Standards Institute

CMOS – complementary metal oxide semiconductor

CMP – chemical mechanical planarization or chemical mechanical polishing

CNTs – carbon nanotubes

CPSC – Consumer Products Safety Commission

CRADA – Cooperative Research and Development Agreement

CVD – chemical vapor deposition

DoD – Department of Defense

DOE – Department of Energy

DPN – dip-pen nanolithography

DRAM – dynamic random access memory

IBEA – Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives

IDD – implantable drug delivery

LEDs – light-emitting diodes

MEMS – microelectromechanical systems

MMS – molecular microswitch

MOSFET

– metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor

MRI – magnetic resonance imaging

MURI – Multi-University Research Initiative

NASA – National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NBIC – nano-bio-info-cogno

NBs – nanobelts

NCN – Network for Computational Nanotechnology

NDA – nondisclosure agreement

NDC – negative differential conductance

NEMS – nanoelectromechanical systems

NER – Nanoscale Exploratory Research

NIEHS – National Institute of Environmental Health Studies

NIH – National Institutes of Health

NIL – nanoimprint lithography

NIOSH – National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NIRTs – Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Teams

NIST – National Institute of Standards and Technology

NNCO – National Nanotechnology Coordination Office

NNI – National Nanotechnology Initiative

NNIN – National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network

NNUN – National Nanofabrication Users Network

NSE – NanoscaleScienceandEngineering

NSECs

– NanoscaleScienceandEngineeringCenters

NSEE – NanoscaleScienceandEngineeringEducation

NSET – NanoscaleScience,Engineering and Technology

NSF – National Science Foundation

NSP – Nanotechnology Standards Panel

NSRCs – Nanoscale Science Research Centers

NUE – Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education

NWs – nanowires

OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration

OTT – office of technology transfer

PECVD – plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

ROADMs – reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers

SAA – Space Act Agreement

SAM – self-assembling monolayer

SBIR – Small Business Innovation Research

SEM – scanning electron microscopy

SET – single-electron transfer

SOI – silicon on insulator

SPIONs – superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

SPM – scanning probe microscopy

STM – scanning tunneling microscope

STTR – Small Business Technology Transfer

SWNTs

– single-walled nanotubes

TEM – transmission electron microscopy

URETI – University Research, Engineering and Technology

USPTO – U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

Примечания

1

J. D. Watson and F. H. С Crick, Nature 171 (April 25,1953): 737.

2

D. A. Jackson, R. H. Symons, and P. Berg, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sri. USA 69 (1972): 2904–2909.

3

Stanley N. Cohen, Annie С Y. Chang, Herbert W. Boyer, and Robert B. Helling, «Construction of Biologically Functional Bacterial Plasmids In Vitro», Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (1973).

4

P. Berg et al., «Potential Biohazards of Recombinant DNA Molecules», letter, Science 185 (1974): 303.

5

Federal Register 41, no. 131 (1976), 27911-27943.

6

S. S. Hughes, Isis 92 (2001): 541–575.

7

K. Itakura et al., Science 198 (1977): 1056–1063.

8

S. S. Hall, Invisible Frontiers: The Race to Synthesize a Human Gene (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002)

9

H. Evans, They Made America (New York: Little, Brown, 2004).

10

J. D. Watson, DNA, The Secret of Life (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004).

11

R. Foster, Innovation: The Attacker’s Advantage (New York: Summit Books, 1986).

12

M. W. Bowman, The World’s Fastest Aircraft (Wellingborough, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1990).

13

W. Coblentz, Investigations of Infrared Spectra (Washington, DC: National Bureau of Standards, 1905).

14

http://www.reed-electronics.com/eb-mag/article/CA475441?industryid=2116.

15

http://www.technologyreview.com/articles/04/12/rnb_120304.asp?p=l.

16

http://www.technologyreview.eom//articles/04/l1/mannl104.asp.

17

http://eetimes.com/special/special_issues/rnillennium/companies/sony.html.

18

http://news.corn.com/Can+nanotubes+keep+PCs+cool/2100-7337_3-5166111.html?tag=nl.

19

http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/nano/2004-ll-08-nano-on-the-move_x.htm.

20