The Future Is History: How Totalitarianism Reclaimed Russia

"Predstavlyayetsya pravil'nym initsiirovat' prisoyedineniye vostochnykh oblastey Ukrainy k Rossii," Novaya gazeta, February 23, 2015,

http://www.novayagazeta.ru/politics/67389.html, accessed August 26, 2016. The newspaper attributed the white paper to Konstantin Malofeyev, known as the Orthodox Billionaire. But the logic and, especially, the vocabulary of much of the text point strongly to the possibility that Dugin had coauthored it. Specifically, the repeated use of the word "geopolitical" and, even more important, the term gorodskaya guerrilya—"urban guerrilla"—which, in Russian, seems to appear only in encyclopedias and, frequently, in Dugin's writing. The existence of an ongoing working relationship between Malofeyev and Dugin is well documented. See, for example, "Chorniy Internatsional: Malofeyev i Dugin," blog by Russian hacker Shaltay Boltay, November 27, 2014,

https://b0ltai.org/2014/11/27/%D1%87D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9- %D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%] %D0%B8-%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8/, accessed August 26, 2016.

"Dokazi prichetnosti vladi RF do poasyaganiya na teritorial'nu tsilisnist' Urkainy," telephone recordings published by Prosecutor General's Office of Ukraine, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6Ki_vHrJPU, accessed August 26, 2016.

"A. Dugin i Ye. Gubareva obsudili budushcheye Donbassa i Ukrainy," recording of Skype conversation, March 29, 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-jP0yebodlM, accessed August 26, 2016. The channel on which the video was published belongs to Pavel Gubarev, but he was in jail at the time, so I assume the call was recorded and published by Yekaterina Gubareva herself.

"Pro-Russian Crowds Storm Government Buildings in Eastern Ukraine," from "The Ukraine Crisis Timeline," Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), April 6, 2014, http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#45, accessed August 26, 2016.

"People's Republic of Donetsk Calls for Russia to Send 'Peacekeepers,'" from "The Ukraine Crisis Timeline," CSIS, April 7, 2014, http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#46, accessed August 26, 2016.

"US, Others Support Ukraine but Europe Divided on Sanctions," http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#58; "Pro-Russian Forces Seize APCs as Ukrainian Operation Falters," http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#59; April 15-16, 2014, "The Ukraine Crisis Timeline," CSIS, accessed August 27, 2016.

"Ukraine, Pro-Russian Protestors [sic] Square Off in East," April 8, 2014, http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#48; "Pro-Russian Forces Seize Additional Facilities," April 12, 2014, http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#53; "Ukrainian Military, Pro-Russian Forces Clash as 'Anti-Terrorist Operation' Begins," April 15, 2014, http://ukraine.csis.org/east1.htm#57; all from "The Ukraine Crisis Timeline," CSIS, accessed August 26, 2016.

Pryamaya liniya s Vladimirom Putinym, April 17, 2014, Kremlin transcript, http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/20796, accessed August 27, 2016.

Yuri Maloveryan, "Gosduma utverdila prisoyedineniye Kryma k Rossii," BBC Russian Service, March 20, 2014,

http: //www.bbc. com/russian/russia/2014/03/140320_ukraine_crim ea_duma_ratificatic Ilya Ponomarev, "In Exile, but Ready to Save Russia," The New York Times, April 15, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/16/opinion/in-exile-but-ready-to-save- russia.html?_r=0; both accessed May 12, 2017.

Marlene Laruelle, ed., Eurasianism and the European Far Right: Reshaping the Europe- Russia Relationship (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2015).

"21 aprelya v programme 'Pozner'—Aleksandr Dugin," April 18, 2014, http://pozneronline.ru/2014/04/7669/, accessed August 27, 2016.

Alexander Dugin, "Nakanunye voyny—2," Malorossiya, April 21, 2014,

http: //maloros.ru/new/4120-aleksandr-dugin-nakanune-vojny-2.xhtml, accessed August 28, 2016.

Alexander Dugin, "Putin, vvodi voyska!" Malorossiya, May 28, 2014,

http: //maloros.ru/new/4687-aleksandr-dugin-putin-vvodi-vojska.xhtml; Alexander Dugin, "Russkiye zemli to suzhayutsya, to rasshiryayutsya," Malorossiya,

May 27, 2014, http://maloros.ru/new/5019-aleksandr-dugin-russkie-zemli-to-suzhayutsya-to- rasshiryayutsya-video.xhtml; Alexander Dugin, "Shestaya kolonna," Vzglyad, April 29, 2014, http://www.vz.ru/opinions/2014/4/29/684247.html; all accessed August 28, 2016.

Author interview with Natalya Makeeva, Moscow, May 22, 2015.

Mikhail Khodorkovsky, "My mozhem i khotim reshat' samiye slozhniye zadachi, kotoriye stavit pered nashimi narodami zhizn'," khodorkovsky.ru, April 24, 2014, http://old.khodorkovsky.ru/news/2014/04/24/18768.html, accessed August 28, 2016.

Alan Taylor, "A Year of War Completely Destroyed the Donetsk Airport," The Atlantic, February 26, 2015, http://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2015/02/a-year-of-war- completely-destroyed-the-donetsk-airport/386204/, accessed August 28, 2016.