The Invention of Nature

AH’s rounds in Paris: Carl Vogt, January 1845, Beck 1959, p.206.

42

‘dancing carnivalesque’: AH to Heinrich Christian Schumacher, 2 March 1836, AH Schumacher Letters 1979, p.52.

43

‘mobile resources’: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 22 June 1833, AH Cotta Letters 2009, p.180.

44

‘yesterday Pfaueninsel’: Engelmann 1969, p.11.

45

AH felt like a planet: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 11 January 1835, AH Cotta Letters 2009, p.186.

46

AH’s life at court: AH to P.G. Lejeune Dirichlet, 28 February 1844, AH Dirichlet Letters 1982, p.67.

47

‘my best Alexandros’: Friedrich Wilhelm IV to AH, 1 December 1840, AH Friedrich Wilhelm IV Letters 2013, p.181.

48

AH as ‘dictionary’: Friedrich Daniel Bassermann about AH, 14 November 1848, Beck 1969, p.265.

49

AH answered king’s questions: AH to Friedrich Wilhelm IV, 9 November 1839, 29 September 1840, 5 October 1840, December 1840, 23 March 1841, 15 June 1842, May 1844, 1849, also notes 4, 5, 12, AH Friedrich Wilhelm IV Letters 2013, pp.145, 147, 174, 175, 182, 202, 231, 277, 405, 532, 533, 536.

50

‘as much as I can’: AH to Gauß, 3 July 1842, AH Gauß Letters 1977, p.85.

51

Prussia like William Parry: AH to Varnhagen, 6 September 1844; see also Varnhagen Diary, 18 March 1843 and 1 April 1844, AH Varnhagen Letters 1860, pp.97, 106–7, 130.

52

AH worked at night: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 9 March 1844, AH Cotta Letters 2009, p.256.

53

‘liquor store’: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 5 February 1849, ibid., p.349.

54

‘I don’t go to bed’: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 28 February 1838, ibid., p.204.

55

failed to send manuscript: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 15 March 1841, ibid., p.238.

56

‘involved with people who’: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 28 February 1838, ibid., p.204.

57

‘his most scrupulous work’: Ibid.

58

AH went to observatory: AH to Johann Georg von Cotta, 18 September 1843, ibid., p.248; the observatory had been built by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1835.

59

AH little time in England: AH to John Herschel, 1842, Théodoridès 1966, p.50.

60

Murchison organized gathering: Darwin 1958, p.107.

61

‘losing the best shooting’: Roderick Murchison to Francis Egerton, 25 January 1842, Murchison 1875, vol.1, p.360.

62

Darwin nervous to see AH: Emma Darwin to Jessie de Sismondi, 8 February 1842, Litchfield 1915, vol.2, p.67.

63

‘buried in the ice-covered’: AH Geography 2009, p.69; AH Geography 1807, p.15; see also pp.9, 91.

64

‘cosmopolitan outfit’: Schlagintweit brothers recounting AH, May 1849, Beck 1959, p.262.

65

AH worked the room: Description based on Heinrich Laube’s account, Laube 1875, pp.330–33.

66

‘some tremendous compliments’: Emma Darwin to Jessie de Sismondi, 8 February 1842, Litchfield 1915, vol.2, p.67.

67

‘beyond all reason’: Darwin to Joseph Hooker, 10 February 1845, Darwin Correspondence, vol.3, p.140.

68

‘But my anticipations’: Darwin 1958, p.107.

69

‘

widely

different’: Darwin to Joseph Hooker, 10–11 November 1844, Darwin Correspondence, vol.3, p.79.

70

‘have two Floras’: Darwin, Note, 29 January 1842, CUL DAR 100.167.

71

life like ‘Clockwork’: Darwin to Robert FitzRoy, 1 October 1846, Darwin Correspondence, vol.3, p.345.

72

Darwin often ill: Thomson 2009, pp.219–20.

73

pros and cons of marriage: Darwin’s Notes on Marriage, second note, July 1838, Darwin Correspondence, vol.2, pp.444–5.

74

‘fixed’ species: AH Cosmos 1845–52, vol.1, p.23; AH Kosmos 1845–50, vol.1, p.23 (my translation: Humboldt’s ‘abgeschlossene Art’ became ‘isolated species’ in the English edition but it should be translated as ‘fixed’ – as opposed to ‘mutable’).

75

‘intermediate steps’ and missing links: AH Cosmos 1845–52, vol.3, Notes, p.14, iii; see also vol.1, p.34; AH Kosmos 1845–50, vol.3, pp.14, 28, vol.1, p.33.

76

‘cyclical change’: AH Cosmos 1845–52, vol.1, p.22; AH Kosmos 1845–50, vol.1, p.22 (my translation: Humboldt’s ‘periodischen Wechsel’ became ‘transformations’ in the English edition but ‘cyclical change’ is a better translation). For transitions and constant renewal, see AH Cosmos 1845–52, vol.1, pp.22, 34; AH Kosmos 1845–50 vol.1, pp.22, 33.

77

‘pre-Darwinian Darwinist’: Emil Du Bois-Reymond’s speech at Berlin University, 3 August 1883, AH du Bois-Reymond Letters 1997, p.195; see also Wilhelm Bölsche to Ernst Haeckel, 4 July 1913, Haeckel Bölsche Letters 2002, p.253.

78

‘supports in almost’ (footnote): Alfred Russel Wallace to Henry Walter Bates, 28 December 1845, Wallace Letters Online.

79

‘about the river’: Darwin to Joseph Hooker, 10 February 1845, Darwin Correspondence, vol.3, p.140.

80

Hooker same hotel: Hooker 1918, vol.1, p.179.

81

‘To my horror’: Joseph Hooker to Maria Sarah Hooker, 2 February 1845, ibid., p.180.

82

‘Jupiter-like’: AH to Friedrich Althaus, 4 September 1848, AH Althaus Memoirs 1861, p.8; for AH changing with age, see also A Visit to Humboldt by a correspondent of the

Commercial Advertiser

, 30 December 1849, AH Letters USA 2004, pp.539–40.

83

‘capability for generalising’: Joseph Hooker to W.H. Harvey, 27 February 1845, Hooker 1918, vol.1, p.185.

84