The Invention of Nature

Tenerife (Canary Islands), 3.1, 10.1, 17.1, 22.1

Thames, River: tunnel

Thoreau, Henry David: influenced by AH, prl.1, prl.2, 18.1, 19.1; reads AH’s View of Nature, 10.1; cabin, 19.2, 19.3; lives beside Walden Pond, 19.4, 19.5; in Concorde, Mass., 19.6; background and career, 19.7, 19.8; and AH’s Cosmos, 19.9, 19.10, 19.11; on nature’s cycles, 19.12, 19.13; relations with Emerson, 19.14, 19.15, 19.16; influence of nature on, 19.17; on death, 19.18; and local deforestation, 19.19; character and appearance, 19.20; and animals, 19.21, 19.22; appearance and manner, 19.23; love of children, 19.24; affinity with nature, 19.25, 19.26, 19.27, 19.28; nature records, 19.29, 19.30; lectures, 19.31; writing, 19.32, 19.33; notebooks and journals, 19.34, 19.35; library, 19.36; walks, 19.37, 19.38; on unity of nature, 19.39; Transcendentalism, 19.40; ideas and beliefs, 19.41; adopts new daily routine, 19.42; on science, 19.43; and imagination, 19.44; on thawing of embankment, 19.45; calls for preservation of forests, 21.1; and Muir, 23.1; The Maine Woods, 23.2, 23.3; Walden, 19.46, 19.47, 19.48, 19.49, 19.50, 23.4; A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers, 19.51

Thoreau, John

Thornton, William

Tierra del Fuego, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

Tiffany, Louis Comfort

Tilsit, Treaty of (1807)

Timber Culture Act (USA, 1873), 21.1

Times, The, 20.1

titi monkeys

Tobolsk (Russia)

Tocqueville, Alexis de

Toro, Fernando del, n

Torrey, John

Trafalgar, battle of (1805)

Transcendentalists, 2.1, 19.1

Turin (Italy)

Turner, Frederick Jackson

United States of America: celebrates AH centenary (1869), prl.1; AH travels to (1804), 8.1; and Louisiana Purchase, 8.2, 12.1; agrarian economy, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5; economic prosperity, 8.6; border with Mexico, 8.7; slavery in, 8.8, 12.2, 15.1, 20.1; exports to South America, 12.3; neutrality in South American revolution, 12.4; Buffon criticizes, 12.5; expansion, 15.2; influence of Cosmos in, 18.1; territorial gains in Northwest and Southwest, 19.1; war with Mexico, 19.2, 20.2; technological advances, 19.3, 21.1; travellers visit AH in Berlin, 20.3; telegraphic link with Europe, 20.4; environment despoiled, 21.2, 21.3, 23.1; Civil War (1861–6), 21.4, 23.2; Marsh’s influence in, 21.5; abolishes slavery, 23.3; transcontinental railways, 23.4; national parks, 23.5

Ural Mountains

Valdivia (Chile)

Valencia, Lake (Venezuela), prl.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 8.1, 8.2, 16.1, 21.1

Venezuela: AH in, 3.1; declares independence, 12.1; Bolívar invades, 12.2; Spain reconquers, 12.3; Bolívar returns to from Haiti, 12.4; Bolívar’s campaign in, 12.5

Venus, transit of

Vermont: Marsh in, 21.1, 21.2

Verne, Jules, 10.1, 20.1

Vesuvius, Mount

Viceroyalties (Spanish Latin American)

Victoria, Queen of Great Britain

Vienna, Congress of (1815)

Views of Nature (AH): writing, 10.1; popular appeal, 15.1; Darwin requests copy, 17.1; on evolution of species, 17.2; Thoreau reads, 19.1, 19.2; revised edition, 20.1; Haeckel reads, 22.1, 22.2; Muir reads and marks, 23.1, 23.2, 23.3

volcanoes: AH’s interest in, prl.1, 3.1, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 15.1

Volta, Alessandro, prl.1, 10.1

Voltaire, Marie François Arouet, 1.1, 14.1

Voyage to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent (AH), 10.1, 11.1, 14.1

Vues des Cordillères et monuments des peuples indigènes de l’Amérique (AH), 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 22.1

Vulcanists, 6.1, 15.1

Vulpius, Christiane

Walden Pond, Massachusetts, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3

Washington, DC, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1

Washington, George, 8.1, 8.2; birthday celebrations (1859), 20.1

Watt, James

Wedgwood, Josiah

Wedgwood, Josiah II

Weimar: Goethe in, 2.1, 2.2

Wellesley, Richard Colley, Marquess

Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, prl.1st Duke of, 11.1

Werner, Abraham Gottlieb, 15.1

Westphalia, Kingdom of, 10.1, 15.1

Whewell, William

Whitman, Walt, 20.1; Leaves of Grass, 18.1

Wilberforce, Samuel, Bishop of Oxford

Wilhelm I, Emperor of Germany (earlier Prince of Prussia), 10.1, 20.1, 22.1

William IV, King of Great Britain

William, Prince of Prussia see Wilhelm I, Emperor of Germany

Williamson, Hugh

Wislizenus, Frederick

Wordsworth, William: influenced by AH, prl.1, 13.1; The Excursion, 13.2

Yekaterinburg (Russia), 16.1, 16.2

Yellowstone National Park (Wyoming)

Yosemite National Park

Yosemite Valley (California), 23.1, 23.2

Zea, Father Bernardo

Zea, Francisco Antonio

Chimborazo in today’s Ecuador was believed to be the highest mountain in the world when Humboldt climbed the volcano in 1802. Chimborazo inspired Simón Bolívar to write a poem about the liberation of the Spanish colonies in Latin America. (Illustration Credit ins.1)

Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland collecting plants at the foot of Chimborazo

Humboldt talking to one of the indigenous people in Turbaco (today’s Colombia) en route to Bogotá (Illustration Credit ins.3)

Humboldt and his small team at Cayambe volcano near Quito