Читаем Английский разговорный язык. Практическое пособие по развитию устной речи полностью

Английский разговорный язык. Практическое пособие по развитию устной речи

Виктор Александрович Миловидов

monetary policy committee – комитет по монетарной политике

net immigration – чистая иммиграция

wage inflation – инфляция, вызванная ростом заработной платы

Office for National Statistics – Национальное статистическое бюро

claimant count – здесь : подсчитанное количество обращений за пособиями

up by … per cent – на … процентов

International Labour Organisation – Международная организация труда

unemployment rate – уровень безработицы

wage data – данные по уровню заработной платы

paint the picture

– написать картину

rude health – крепкое здоровье

Bank\'s Inflation Measure at Record High

The Bank of England\'s target measure of inflation jumped to a record high last month as the decline in transport costs slowed and the cost of running a home rose.

The pound gained ground against other significant currencies as the City reasoned that stronger-than-expected prices data increased the likelihood of a rise in interest rates early next year.

The Office for National Statistics said that in the year to November, the consumer price index climbed by 2.7 per cent, up from a 2.4 per cent rise the previous month, the fastest pace of increase since January 1997. This is the seventh successive month that the CPI has been above the Bank\'s target of 2 per cent.

Although the measure had been projected to climb higher towards the end of 2006, Paul Dales at Capital Economics warned that, despite recent softer news on economic activity, the inflation report could «ensure that the MPC remains in tightening mode going into the new year.»

Mervyn King, Bank governor, has made it clear that with judgments about economic prospects difficult, greater importance will be placed on «developments in costs, pay and prices.»

The concerns that higher headline price rises could bolster consumers\' inflation expectations were also touched upon this week by Paul Tucker, the Bank\'s director for markets.

In a speech, Mr Tucker said he voted for an increase in interest rates at the MPC\'s November meeting because he wanted to head off inflationary wage demands and send a message that the Bank was willing to act to contain prices.

However, according to a survey by the Recruitment and Employment Confederation and KPMG, the professional services group, the rate of pay inflation for permanent jobs is running at the highest level for almost six years and at a 22-month high for temporary work.

The study said competition for talent against a background of rising demand for staff was pushing up wage bills. A series of recent high-profile private sector pay settlements, such as the annual rises of at least 4 per cent won by thousands of workers at Ford, Rolls-Royce and National Air Traffic Services, have suggested that annual wage demands increasingly are linked to the increase in the retail price index.

The RPI, which includes interest payments on mortgages, climbed in the 12 months to November by 3.9 per cent, up from 3.7 per cent in October and the highest reading since May 1998, said the ONS.

The main cause of acceleration in the CPI was the cost of transport, particularly petrol, where prices fell more slowly than for the comparable period last year.

Upward momentum was provided by increases in utility bills, particularly gas prices, and slower falls in the prices of electronic equipment.

Core inflation, a measure that excludes volatile items such as alcohol, tobacco, food and energy, climbed from 1.4 per cent in October to 1.6 per cent in November.