God's War: A New History of the Crusades

35. Charles of Anjou, who in 1277 bought Maria of Antioch’s claim to the throne of Jerusalem, below pp. 731–2, 817–18.

36. Eracles, p. 220; Runciman, History of the Crusades, iii, 93 and note 2.

37. Edbury, Cyprus, p. 32.

38. Edbury, Cyprus, pp. 39–73.

39. Eracles, pp. 306–10.

40. See above chapter 19.

41. The main source, if heavily biased against the Hohenstaufen and in favour of the Ibelins, is Philip of Novara, The Wars of Frederick II Against the Ibelins, trans. J. La Monte and M. J. Hubert (New York 1936).

42. Riley-Smith, Feudal Nobility, pp. 177–84.

43. P. Jackson, ‘The End of Hohenstaufen Rule in Syria’, Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, 59 (1986), 20–36; D. Jacoby, ‘The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Collapse of Hohenstaufen Power in the Levant’, Dumbarton Oaks Papers

, 40 (1986), 83–101.

44. Above note 11. Simon played the leading role in establishing the Commune of England in 1258.

45. Cf. Riley-Smith, What Were the Crusades?, pp. 77–80.

46. Jacoby, ‘L’Expansion occidentale’.

47. Edbury, John of Ibelin, esp. pp. 96–7; Riley-Smith, Feudal Nobility, pp. 215–7.

48. Edbury, John of Ibelin, esp. p. 96; for examples, see Gabrieli, Arab Historians, pp. 312–16, 323–33.

49. Ibn Furat’s chronicle trans. M. C. Lyons and J. Riley-Smith, Ayyubids, Mamlukes and Crusaders, ii, 104–5, 113, 135, 164; Eracles, pp. 462, 479; Runciman, History of the Crusades, pp. 342–3; idem, ‘The Crusader States 1243–91’, History of the Crusades, ed. Setton, ii, 580, 584, 586; Riley-Smith, Feudal Nobility, pp. 28, 224; Edbury, Cyprus, pp. 91, 96 and note 84.

50

. On John and his lawbook, Edbury, John of Ibelin, passim, esp. pp. 58–106. The text of John’s book is in RHC Lois, i.

51. John of Joinville, Life of Louis, pp. 203–4, 269–70, 295, 297.

52. Edbury, John of Ibelin, p. 106. For the redating of ‘Bracton’, De Legibus et consuetudinibus Angliae, ed. and trans. S. E. Thorne (Cambridge, Mass. 1968–77).

53. H. Buchtal, Miniature Painting in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (Oxford 1957); J. Folda, Crusader Manuscript Illumination at Saint-Jean d’Acre 1275–91 (Princeton 1976); idem, ‘Art in the Latin East’, Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades, ed. Riley-Smith, pp. 66–90.

54. E.g. Kennedy, Crusader Castles; D. Pringle, ‘Architecture in the Latin East’, Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades, ed. Riley-Smith, pp. 160–83.

55. A. Jotischky, The Perfection Solicitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States (Philadelphia 1995).

56. John of Joinville, Life of Louis, p. 297.

57

. For a commentary, Edbury, Cyprus, esp. pp. 39–73 and idem, John of Ibelin, pp. 1–103.

58. Riley-Smith, Feudal Nobility, pp. 220–28; Edbury, Cyprus, pp. 90–100; Mayer, Crusades, pp. 282–7.

59. Gestes des Chyprois, Arm. ii, Bk iii, and Crawford, Templar of Tyre, chap. 410; Gabrieli, Arab Historians, p. 343.

60. Gabrieli, Arab Historians, pp. 326–33.

61. See below, pp. 818–22.

62. Ludolph of Suchem, Liber de Itinere Terrae Sanctae, ed. F. Deycks (Stuttgart 1851), p. 89.

23: The Defence of the Holy Land 1221–44

1

. Waverley Annals, Annales Monastici, ed. Luard, ii, 295.

2. Regesto del cardinale Ugolino d’Ostia, ed. G. Levi (Rome 1890).

3. Baratier, ‘Une prédication de la croisade à Marseille’, pp. 690–99.

4. Archives de l’Hôtel Dieu de Paris, ed. L. Briele (Paris 1894), no. 203, pp. 87–8.

5. E.g. the 1237 case of Peter of Erdington’s land in Shropshire, Curia Regis Rolls (London 1922–), xvi, 31 no. 115.

6. Roger of Wendover, Flores, ii, 323.

7. N. Vincent, Peter des Roches (Cambridge 1996), p. 234.

8. Tyerman, Invention of the Crusades, p. 86 and notes 249–51 for refs.

9. S. Lloyd, ‘Political Crusades in England c.1215–17 and c.1263–5’, Crusade and Settlement, ed. Edbury, pp. 113–20; Tyerman, England and the Crusades, pp. 144–51.

10. F. M. Powicke, The Thirteenth Century (Oxford 1962), p. 80.