Кто мы? Вызовы американской национальной идентичности

²⁸¹ National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Population Projections for Japan: 1996–2100 (1997).

²⁸² Ole Waever et al., Identity, Migration and the New Security Agenda in Europe, (London: Pinter, 1993), p. 23.

²⁸³ Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Trends in International Migration, p. 304.

²⁸⁴ U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2000 Statistical Yearbook.

²⁸⁵ Milton M. Gordon, Assimilation in American Life (New York: Oxford University Press, 1964), p. 70–71.

²⁸⁶ Peter D. Salins, Assimilation, American Style (New York: Basic Books, 1997), p. 6, 48–49.

²⁸⁷ Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 127, 244–45.

²⁸⁸ Will Herberg, Protestant Catholic Jew (Garden City: Doubleday, 1955), p. 33–34; George R. Stewart, American Ways of Life (New York: Doubleday, 1954), p. 23, cited in Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 127–28.

²⁸⁹ Thomas Jefferson, Notes on Virginia, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1954), p. 84–85.

²⁹⁰ Michael Piore, Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979), p. 151.

²⁹¹ Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 190; Thomas Sowell, Migrations and Cultures: A World View

, (New York: Basic Books, 1996), p. 48. For an excellent overview and analysis of the successful assimilation of pre-World War II immigrants and their descendants, see Richard Alba and Victor Nee, Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003), chap. 3.

²⁹² Samuel p. Huntington, The Clash of Civilization and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996), p. 264.

²⁹³ American Muslim Council, Zogby poll, released 28 August 2000.

²⁹⁴ Kambiz Ghanea Bassiri, Competing Visions of Islam in the United States: A Study of Los Angeles (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997), p. 43–49.

²⁹⁵ Corey Michael Spearman, “The Clash of Civilizations in Dearborn, Michigan” (Term paper, Kalamazoo College, Michigan, March 2000), p. 7, quoting Abu Mustafa Al-Bansilwani, “There Has to Be a Better Way – and There Is!”, Ummah, I (no. 1, 1999), p. 1–2.

²⁹⁶ Daniel Patrick Moynihan, “The Sonnet About the Statue of Liberty”, New York, 19 May 1986), p. 58.

²⁹⁷ Sowell, Migrations and Cultures, p. 39–40; John C. Harles,

Politics in the Lifeboat: Immigrants and the American Democratic Order (Boulder: Westview Press, 1993), p. 99.

²⁹⁸ Henri Wéber, quoted in The Economist, 12 February 2000, p. 20.

²⁹⁹ Oscar Handlin, The Uprooted (Boston: Little, Brown, 2nd ed., 1973) p. 272; Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a Multicultural Society (New York: Norton, rev. ed., 1998), p. 17; Harles, Politics in the Lifeboat, p. 4.

³⁰⁰ Salins, Assimilation, American Style, p. 48–49; Josef Joffe, personal conversation.

³⁰¹ Piore, Birds of Passage: p. 149 ff.

³⁰² Roberto Suro, Strangers Among Us

(New York: Knopf, 1998), p. 325.

³⁰³ Washington, Jefferson, Franklin quoted in Matthew Spalding, “From Pluribus to Unum”, Policy Review, no. 67 (Winter 1994), p. 39–40.

³⁰⁴ Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 132–33; Marcus Lee Hansen, The Immigrant in American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940), p. 132; Heinz Kloss, The American Bilingual Tradition (Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1977), p. 128; Will Kymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), p. 28–29.

³⁰⁵ Samuel Lubell, The Future of American Politics (New York: Harper, 1951), p. 58ff.

³⁰⁶ New York Times, 9 December 1999, p. 1, 20; 5 March 2000, p. A1, A20; Washington Post, 18 September 1993, p. A1; New York City Department of City Planning, The Newest New Yorkers: 1995–1996: An Update of Immigration to NYC in the Mid ‘90s (8 November 1999).