Секреты лаборатории питания. Наука похудения, мифы о силе воли и пользе диет

10. Здесь вычисляется относительный риск развития рака легких у мужчин, которые выкуривают полпачки или пачку сигарет в день, по сравнению с теми, кто никогда не курил. Neal D. Freedman et al., “Cigarette Smoking and Subsequent Risk of Lung Cancer in Men and Women: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study”, Lancet Oncology 9, no. 7 (2008): 649-56.

11. Katherine M. Flegal et al., “Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index among US Adults, 1999-2010”, JAMA 307, no. 5 (February 1, 2012): 491-97, doi:10.1001/jama.2012.39.

12. К. M. Flegal et al., “Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity”, JAMA 293, no. 15 (2005): 1861-67, doi:10.1001/jama.293.15.1861.

13. Daphne P. Guh et al., “The Incidence of Co-Morbidities Related to Obesity and Overweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”, BMC Public Health 9 (January 2009): 88, doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-88.

14. National Center for Health Statistics, Health

, United States, 2013: With Special Feature on Prescription Drugs (Hyattsville, MD, 2014), график 46.

15. National Center for Health Statistics, Health, United States

, 2013: With Special Feature on Prescription Drugs, график 44.

16. Carl J. Lavie, Richard V. Milani, and Hector O. Ventura, “Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Risk Factor, Paradox, and Impact of Weight Loss”, Journal of the American College of Cardiology 53, no. 21 (May 26, 2009): 1925-32, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.12.068.

17. Konstantinos Vemmos et al., “Association between Obesity and Mortality after Acute First-Ever Stroke: The Obesity-Stroke Paradox”, Stroke 42, no. 1 (January 2011): 30-6, doi: 10.1161/ STROKEAHA. 110.593434.

18. Mercedes R. Carnethon et al., “Association of Weight Status with Mortality in Adults with Incident Diabetes”, JAMA 308, no. 6 (August 8, 2012): 581-90, doi:10.1001/jama.2012.9282.

19. Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh et al., “The Obesity Paradox and Mortality Associated With Surrogates of Body Size and Muscle Mass in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis”, Mayo Clinic Proceedings

85, no. 11 (2010): 991-1001.

20. Jordan A. Guenette, Dennis Jensen, and Denis E. O’Donnell, “Respiratory Function and the Obesity Paradox”, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 13, no. 6 (November 2010): 618-24, doi: 10.1097/ MCO.0b013e32833e3453.

21. Agustm Escalante, Roy W. Haas, and Inmaculada del Rincyn, “Paradoxical Effect of Body Mass Index on Survival in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Role of Comorbidity and Systemic Inflammation”, Archives of Internal Medicine 165, no. 14 (July 25, 2005): 1624-29, doi:10.1001/ archinte.165.14.1624.

22. Vicente F. Corrales-Medina et al., “The Obesity Paradox in Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia”, International Journal of Infectious Diseases 15, no. 1 (2011): e54-e57.

23. Relin Yang et al., “Obesity and Weight Loss at Presentation of Lung Cancer Are Associated with Opposite Effects on Survival”, Journal of Surgical Research 170, no. 1 (2011): e75-e83.

24. Susan Halabi et al., “Inverse Correlation between Body Mass Index and Clinical Outcomes in Men with Advanced Castration-Recurrent Prostate Cancer”, Cancer

110, no. 7 (October 1, 2007): 1478-84, doi:10.1002/ cncr.22932.

25. Henry Oliveros and Eduardo Villamor, “Obesity and Mortality in Critically 111 Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”, Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 16, no. 3 (March 2008): 515-21, doi:10.1038/ oby.2007.102; Jeptha P. Curtis et al., “The Obesity Paradox: Body Mass Index and Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure”, Archives of Internal Medicine 165, no. 1 (January 10, 2005): 55-61, doi: 10.1001/ archinte.165.1.55.

26. Oliveros and Villamor, “Obesity and Mortality in Critically 111 Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”.

27. Классическое упоминание об этом можно найти в книге: R. A. Fisher, “The Design of Experiments” (Oxford, England: Oliver & Boyd, 1935). Замечательный комментарий о методе случайной выборки есть в книге, написанной моим бывшим коллегой: Brett W. Pelham and Hart Blanton, “Conducting Research in Psychology: Measuring the Weight of Smoke”, 4th ed. (Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, 2011). В ней метод случайной выборки называется «самым чудесным из всех научных открытий» (с. 202).

28. Вероятно, вы подумали об упомянутых в главе 2 экспериментах, в которых заключенные и добровольцы должны были на время потолстеть. Они не подходят для этого случая, поскольку в них не предусмотрено наличие контрольных групп. Sims, “Experimental Obesity, Dietary-Induced Thermogenesis, and Their Clinical Implications”.