The End: The Defiance and Destruction of Hitler’s Germany, 1944–1945

foreign workers, persecution/execution of 227–8, 328

Giesler, Paul (Gauleiter of Munich-Upper Bavaria) 214, 344

Glogau 204

Goebbels, Joseph (Minister of Propaganda) 11, 22, 23–4, 35, 63–4, 67, 90, 114–16, 118, 119, 159, 279, 315, 316, 358, 391

Bormann and 43, 317, 352; attempts to negotiate with Allies 352

character/personal appearance 23, 77, 146, 164, 243–4, 336, 337

his diaries 146–7, 149, 151, 160–61, 337

Dresden bombing, propaganda based on 238–9

family 243, 282; his murder of 337, 346

on Göring 243–4

Guderian and 46

Hitler and 147, 243, 244, 281–2, 336, 337, 399

negotiated peace, support for 280–82, 352

as Reich Plenipotentiary for Total War 38–41, 42, 49, 52–3, 73, 75–9, 86, 95, 104, 121, 142, 146–7, 241–4, 256–7, 259, 269, 279, 280, 295, 392, 396; administrative systems under 40–41, 75–9, 146, 241–2

on von Ribbentrop 243–4, 282

Soviet Union, suggests separate peace with 95–6

Speer and 24, 25, 43, 75, 76–9, 83, 146, 244, 287–8

suicide 337, 346, 352, 355

Goebbels, Magda (wife of Joseph Goebbels) 243, 282

suicide 337, 346, 355

Goldap 110, 111, 173

Göring, Hermann 20, 90, 163, 166, 205

Berlin, escape from 336

Bormann and 340

Goebbels on 243–4

as Hitler’s designated successor 20, 339, 340, 353, 397, 399

as Luftwaffe C-in-C 20, 39, 44, 48, 150, 160, 163, 169, 205, 306, 308, 342; dismissal (April 1945) 340, 342, 353, 399

negotiated peace, support for 280–81

post-war interrogation 30, 336

under house arrest (April 1945) 340, 342

suicide (October 1946) 356

Gotenhafen (Gdynia) 183, 234, 250

Gotha 297

Göttingen 297, 349

Gräser, General Fritz-Hubert 301

Great Britain see Britain

Greece 94, 121

Greifswald 324

Greiser, Arthur (Gauleiter of Reichsgau Wartheland) 214–15

escape from Poland 214, 215

execution 214

Grohé, Joseph (Gauleiter of Cologne-Aachen) 64, 318–19

Groß-Rosen concentration camp 232–3, 329

Guderian, Colonel-General Heinz 45–6, 160

as Chief of General Staff 45–6, 48, 49, 85–6, 102, 106, 127, 165, 170–71, 197–200, 205, 252, 253, 256, 259, 284, 288; dismissal 251–2, 284, 305–6

Goebbels and 46

Hitler and 165, 170

as Inspector-General of Armoured Troops 28, 45

on Red Army invasion 110

Reinhardt and 197, 198, 199, 200, 205

Speer and 398

Guernica, German bombing of 236

guerrilla activity see Werwolf . . .

Gumbinnen 173

Hague Convention (1907) 107

Halder, General Franz (Chief of General Staff) 28

Halle 297

Hamburg 157, 336

Allied bombing (July 1943) 235, 238

capitulation (May 1945) 366

Hamm 297

Hanke, Karl (Gauleiter of Breslau) 245, 262, 320–21

escape from Breslau (May 1945) 321

Speer and 321

Hanover 297

Harpe, Colonel-General Josef 168, 171, 196–7

as 5th Panzer Army C-in-C (January 1945–on) 304

dismissal (January 1945) as Army Group A C-in-C 203, 221, 304

Harris, Arthur (‘Bomber’) 235

Harz Mountains 303

Hausser, Waffen-SS Colonel-General Paul 253–4, 263

dismissal (April 1945) 299

Heidelberg 255

Heidkämper, Lieutenant-General Wilhelm 197, 200

Heilbronn 299, 326

Heiligenbeil 174

Heilsberg area 198–9, 200, 201, 250–51

Heinrici, Colonel-General Gotthard 168, 270–71

as Army Group Vistula C-in-C 270, 301, 337–8, 340; dismissal (April 1945) 338

in Berlin 307–9, 337–8, 396

post-war memoirs 309

Hitler and 307–9, 337–8

Speer mentions possible assassination of Hitler to (April 1945) 309

Hellmuth, Otto (Gauleiter of Würzburg) 291

Helm, Major Erwin 326–7

Hess, Rudolf, his flight to Britain 21

Heusinger, General Adolf 29

Himmler, Heinrich (Reichsführer-SS) 11, 22–3, 29, 35–40, 62, 65, 66, 77, 90, 113, 141–4, 174, 210, 212, 222–3, 240, 308

Allies, his attempts to negotiate with 241, 329, 330, 331, 336–7, 346; with US 229–30

as Army Group Upper Rhine C-in-C 164, 204

as Army Group Vistula C-in-C 204, 211, 250, 263, 270, 283–4, 353

Bormann and 86; Volkssturm national militia founded by 86–8; see also Volkssturm

character/personal appearance 22, 37, 240, 241, 243, 283–4

Dönitz as Reich President and 350, 352, 359–60

his exit strategy 283–4

on the Final Solution 119, 228

his health 283

Hitler and 230, 283–4, 346, 353, 359

Jewish concentration camps inmates, attempts to barter for cash 229–30

negotiated peace, support for 280–81, 291–2

power/influence 22, 23, 35, 36, 37, 42–4, 49, 52–3, 67–8, 82, 84–5, 86, 284

as Replacement Army C-in-C 35–8, 40, 353, 396

Speer and 240–41

suicide (May 1945) 356, 360

Hitler, Adolf 396–400

as Army C-in-C 169–72, 201, 202, 272, 395–6,398; his generals, relationship with 200, 202, 203, 221, 251–2, 254, 284, 299, 304, 305–6, 338, 340, 342, 353, 366, 395–6, 397, 399; see also Wehrmacht High Command

assassination attempt (July 1944) (von Stauffenberg plot) 12, 13, 14, 29–35, 36, 43, 44, 46, 48–9, 53, 268, 387, 394, 396; effect of 379, 385, 388–9; public opinion on 31–3

in Berlin (Führer bunker) 243, 294, 336, 337, 339–40, 342, 345–7; his suicide in see suicide below

character/personal appearance 11–12, 20, 23, 24, 26, 27, 51, 206, 243, 244–6, 281, 286, 294–5, 308, 339–40, 346–7, 354, 396–7

his ‘charismatic rule’ 13–14, 25–7, 35, 52, 144–5, 151, 166, 243, 347, 398–9, 400