The Great Terror

90. John Maynard, The Russian Peasant and Other Studies (London, 1942), p. 252.

91. Bernard Pares, A History of Russia (London, 1962), p. 584.

92. Bernard Pares, Russia (London, 1940), p. 33.

93. Introduction to Bernard Pares, History of Russia.

94. Bernard Shaw, letter to the Secretary of the British Committee for the Defence of Leon Trotsky, 21 July 1937 (quoted in Isaac Deutscher, The Prophet Outcast [London, 1963], p. 369).

95. J. Dallin and B. I. Nicolaevsky, Forced Labour in the Soviet Union (London, 1948).

96. Kravchenko, I Chose Justice, p. 134–35.

97. Ibid.

98. Stephen Spender, in The God That Failed, ed. Richard H. Crossman (London, 1950), p. 256.

99. Pat Sloan, Soviet Democracy (London, 1937), p. 111.

100. Pat Sloan, Russia Without Illusions, preface by B. Webb (London, 1938), p. 246.

101. Spectator, 3 June 1966.

102. Dallin and Nicolaevsky, Forced Labour in the Soviet Union, p. 33.

103. Yunost’, no. 1 (1965).

104. Decision of a Joint Meeting of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (Pravda, 7 March 1953).

105. Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Pravda, 2 July 1956).

106. Palmiro Togliatti, “Nine Questions on Stalinism,” Nuovi Argomenti, 16 June 1956.

107. Tass, 1 February 1963.

108. Program of the C.P.S.U. (Moscow, 1961), pt. 1, sec. 3.

109. Sovetskoe gosudarstvo i pravo, no. 1 (1956).

110. Pravda, 26 December 1958.

111. Moscow News, no. 18 (1988).

112. Politika, 16 October 1962.

113. Conference of Historians, 1962, p. 298.

114. History of the U.S.S.R

. (Moscow, 1968), book 2, vol. 3, pp. 103, 523.

115. Kommunist, no. 3 (February 1969); and see L. P. Petrovsky, “Letter to the Central Committee of the CPSU,” in For Human Rights (Frankfurt, 1969).

116. Kazakhstanskaya pravda, 17 January 1965.

117. Pravda, 30 January 1966.

118. Kommunist, no. 3 (February 1969).

119. Ibid.

120. Roy Medvedev, On Stalin and Stalinism (Oxford, 1979), p. 180–81.

121. Rosa Luxemburg, The Russian Revolution (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1961), p. 71.

Epilogue: The Terror Today

1. Christian Science Monitor, 16 January 1987.

2. Agitator, no. 18 (1988).

3. Moscow News, no. 18 (1988).

4. Sotsialisticheskaya industriya, 29 January 1989.

5. For example, Yunost’, no. 3 (1988).

6. For example, Radians’ka Ukraina, 26 October 1988.

7. For example, Moskovskii komsomolets, 24 February 1988.

8. For example, Nedelya, no. 15 (1988).

9. Jerry Hough, How the Soviet Union Is Governed (London, 1979), p. 176.

10. J. Arch Getty, Origins of the Great Purge (New York, 1985), p. 8.

11. Sovetskaya Byelorossiya, 14 July 1988; Ogonek, no. 51 (1987).

12. Literaturnaya gazeta, 9 August 1989.

13. Moscow News, no. 42 (1988).

14. Moscow News, no. 48 (1988).

15. Ibid.

16. Joseph Berger, Shipwreck of a Generation (London, 1971), p. 266.

17. Izvestiya, 4 May 1989.

18. Izvestiya, 12 March 1988.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This edition is largely the result of a suggestion made by Susan Ferber, whose editorial skills and advice then drove me to an up-to-date examination of the material not available for the last edition. So much new material had accumulated that the task before me was a notable challenge. Help, for which I am most grateful, came – as before – from Stephen Cohen and Semion Lyandres. Of the many others I would thank, I especially value John Dunlop, Jonathan Haslam, Simon Sebag Montefiore and Robert Service. I owe much to Julia and Anatol Shmelev for background research; to Amy Desai for her dependable secretarial work; to the Hoover Institution’s Soviet Archives Research Project; and as ever, or even more than ever, to my wife.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books and Articles

Abramovitch, Raphael R. The Soviet Revolution. London, 1962.

Adler, Frederick. The Witchcraft Trial in Moscow. London, 1936.

Aleksandr Kosarev. Moscow, 1963.

Aleksandrov, P. N., et al. Komandarm Uborevich. Moscow, 1964.

Alliluyeva, Svetlana. Only One Year. New York, 1969.

——. Twenty Letters to a Friend. London, 1967.

Amtliches Material zum Massenmord von Winniza. Berlin, 1944.