The Great Terror

33. Nina Murray, 1 Spied for Stalin (New York, 1951), chap. 6.

34. Molodoy kommunist, no. 1 (January 1962).

35. Ilya Ehrenburg, in Novyy mir, no. 4 (1964).

36. E. A. Gnedin, Vykhod iz labarinta (New York, 1982).

37. Ehrenburg, in Novyy mir.

38. Sovetskaya istoricheskaya entsyklopediya (Moscow, 1961–76).

39. Novyy mir, no. 11 (1964); and see Sotsialisticheskaya zakonnost’, no. 10 (1988).

40. See Robert Conquest, Inside Stalin’s Secret Police (London, 1985), p. 134.

41. Barmine, One Who Survived, p. 21.

42. Blagoy Popov, Ot Layptsigskiya protses v Sibirskie lageri (Paris, 1979), p. 62.

43. Jonathan Haslam, The Soviet Union and the Struggle for Collective Security (London, 1984), p. 149.

44. Raskolnikov, open letter to Stalin, 17 August 1939 (Samizdat I [Paris, 1969], p. 97).

45. S. Pavlov, speech to the November 1962 plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU.

46. Izvestiya, 14 November 1963.

47. Popov, Ot Layptsigskiya protses v Sibirskie lageri, p. 3.

48. Komsomolskaya znamya, 21 October 1988.

49. Merle Fainsod, How Russia Is Ruled, 2nd ed. (London, 1963), pp. 423–25.

50. Shkiryatov and Poskrebyshev, speeches to the XVIIIth Party Congress; Isvestiya, 14 November 1963; Pravda, 14 November 1963; Aleksandr Kosarev (Moscow, 1963), pp. 111–12.

51. See Armstrong, Politics of Totalitarianism, p. 75.

52. Dr. S. Ploss, in Problems of Communism, September-October 1958.

53. Moskovskii komsomolets, 8 June 1988; Komsomolskaya znamya, 21 October 1988.

54. Moskovskii komsomolets, 8 June 1988.

55. Admiral N. G. Kuznetsov, in Oktyabr’, no. 11 (1964).

56. See E. Wollenberg, The Red Army (London, 1938); Edgar O’Ballance, The Red Army

(London, 1964), p. 121.

57. Geoffrey Bailey, The Conspirators (London, 1961), p. 229.

58. Na rubezhe, March 1952.

59. Bailey, Conspirators, p. 229.

60. R. V. Ivanov-Razumnik, Memoirs (London, 1965), p. 311.

61. Kuznetsov, in Oktyabr’.

62. Marshal Rokossovsky, in Krasnaya zvezda, 13 December 1964.

63. Voenno-istoricheskiy zhurnal, no. 12 (1965); Kommunist vooruzhenykh sil, no. 16 (1989).

64. Mekhlis, speech to the XVIIIth Party Congress.

65. On Lyushkov, see Alvin D. Coox, in Soviet Studies, January 1968.

66. John Erickson, The Soviet High Command (London, 1962), p. 494; A. Svetlanin, Dalnevostochniy zagovor (Frankfurt, 1953), pp. 103ff.

67. V. K. Blyukher (Moscow, 1963).

68. Biographical Directory of the USSR (New York, 1958).

69. N. Kondryatsev, Marshal Blyukher (Moscow, 1965).

70. Roy Medvedev, All Stalin’s Men (Garden City, N.Y., 1984), pp. 14–15.

71. Tass, 22 February 1964.

72. Kondryatsev, Marshal Blyukher, p. 292.

73. This account is based on those given in Kondryatsev, Marshal Blyukher, and V. Dushenkin, Ot Soldata do marshala (Moscow, 1961).

74. Voprosy istorii KPSS, no. 11 (1964).

75. Dushenkin, Ot Soldata do marshala, p. 223.

76. Oktyabr’, no. 12 (1988).

77. Nedelya, 22–28 February 1988.

78. Antonov-Ovseenko, Time of Stalin, p. 190.

79. F. W. Deakin and G. R. Stony, The Case of Richard Sorge (London, 1966).

80. Pravda, 2 November 1938.

81. Pravda, 16 December 1938.

82. Conquest, Inside Stalin’s Secret Police

, pp. 81–84.

83. Pravda, 22 January 1939.

84. Roy Medvedev, On Stalin and Stalinism (Oxford, 1979), pp. 109–16; Alinger Manuscript, Nicolaevsky Archive, Hoover Institution Archives.

85. Roy Medvedev, Let History Judge (New York, 1971), pp. 240–41.

86. Zhigunov interrogation (captured German documents [National Archives, microfilm, T84, roll 287]).

87. Ogonek, no. 7 (1988).

88. Ogonek, no. 18 (1988).

89. See their sponsoring organizations at the XVIIIth Party Congress.

90. A. V. Gorbatov, Years Off My Life (New York, 1964), p. 110.

91. Oktyabr’, no. 12 (1988).

92. Weissberg, Conspiracy of Silence, pp. 311–12.

93. Ivanov-Razumnik, Memoirs, p. 323; Joseph Berger, Shipwreck of a Generation (London, 1971), p. 37.

94. Oktyabr’, no. 12 (1988).

95. Pravda, 22 October 1938.