Кто мы? Вызовы американской национальной идентичности

^{304} Gordon, Assimilation in American Life, p. 132–33; Marcus Lee Hansen, The Immigrant in American History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940), p. 132; Heinz Kloss, The American Bilingual Tradition (Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 1977), p. 128; Will Kymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998), p. 28–29.

^{305} Samuel Lubell, The Future of American Politics (New York: Harper, 1951), p. 58ff.

^{306}New York Times, 9 December 1999, p. 1, 20; 5 March 2000, p. A1, A20;

Washington Post, 18 September 1993, p. A1; New York City Department of City Planning, The Newest New Yorkers: 1995–1996: An Update of Immigration to NYC in the Mid ‘90s (8 November 1999).

^{307} James Dao, «Immigrant Diversity Slows Traditional Political Climb», New York Times, 28 December 1999, p. A1; John J. Miller, The Unmaking of Americans (New York: Free Press, 1998), p. 218–19; Edward p. Lazear, Culture Wars in America (Stanford: Hoover Institution, Essays in Public Policy, no. 71, 1996), p. 9, citing 1990 census data.

^{308} Nathan Glazer, «Immigration and the American Future», The Public Interest, 118 (Winter 1995), p. 51; «Issue Brief: Cycles of Nativism in U. S. History», Immigration Forum, 19 May 2000, p. 1.

^{309}

Robert William Fogel, The Fourth Great Awakening and the Future of Egalitarianism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press 2000), p. 60; Barry Edmonston and Jeffrey p. Passel, «Ethnic Demography: U. S. Immigration and Ethnic Variations», in Edmonston and Passel, eds., Immigration and Ethnicity (Washington, D. C.: Urban Institute Press 1994), p. 8; Campbell J. Gibson and Emily Lennon, Historical Census Statistics on the Foreign Born Population of the United States, 1850–1990 (Washington: Census Bureau Population Division, Working Paper 29, February 1999).

^{310} Richard Alba and Victor Nee, «Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration», International Migration Review, 31 (Winter 1997), p. 842–43; Douglas Massey, «The New Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States», Population and Development Review, 21 (September, 1995), p. 645, quoted in Peggy Levitt, The Transnational Villagers (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001), p. 18.

^{311} U. S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1999 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office, March 2002), p. 19; U. S. Census Bureau,

Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001, p. 45.

^{312} Stephen A. Camarota, Immigrants in the United States—2002: A Snapshot of America’s Foreign-Born Population (Washington: Center for Immigration Studies, Backgrounder, November 2002), p. 1; Boston Globe, 10 March 2003, p. A3, citing William Frey’s analysis of Census Bureau figures.

^{313} Frederick Douglass, quoted in Judith N. Shklar, American Citizenship (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991), p. 48, 52.

^{314} Ronald Takaki, Double Victory: A Multicultural History of America (Boston: Little, Brown 2000), p. 82.

^{315} John Higham, Strangers in the Land

(New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 1988) p. 12ff; Kevin Phillips, The Cousins’ Wars (New York: Basic Books, 1999), p. 543 ff.

^{316} John A. Hawgood, The Tragedy of German-America (New York: G. p. Putnam’s Sons, 1940), p. 291–301; Ronald Fernandez, «Getting Germans to Fight Germans: The Americanizers of World War I», Journal of Ethnic Studies, 9 (1981), p. 64–664 Higham, Strangers in the Land, pp, 216 -17.

^{317}New York Times, 5 July 1918, p. 1, 6; John J. Miller, «Americanization Past and Future», Freedom Review, 28 (Fall 1997), p. 11.

^{318} Nathan Glazer and Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Beyond the Melting Pot (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1970), p. 20; Mary C. Waters, Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 175.