Lingwa De Planeta (Lidepla) Grammar With Examples

Dai a me sey kitaba, plis! — Give me please this book!

Me dai sey kitaba a ela. — I give this book to her.

Lu diki a nu luy nove bao. — He shows us his new bag.

Dai a li pyu taim. — Give them more time.

Possessive forms of personal pronouns

These may be regularly derived with the help of the particle “ney”:

me-ney nu-ney yu-ney yu-ney

yu-oli-ney ta-ney

lu-ney

ela-ney

it-ney li-ney

But there are also shorter forms:

may nuy yur yur suy (luy, elay)

suy ley

may — my

yur — your (sg., pl.)

suy — its, his, her, one's (general for 3rd person singular)

luy — his

elay — her

nuy — our

ley — their

Suy is the universal possessive pronoun for the 3rd person singular. It can be used instead of ta-ney, lu-ney, ela-ney, it-ney:

Suy jamile okos. — His/her beautiful eyes.

Es auto, suy kolor es rude. — This is a car, its colour is red.

It is natural to use "suy" or "ta-ney" in situations when the gender of a person is not specified:

Jen yusi ta-ney jansa fo adapti a milyoo. — Man uses his knowledge in order to adjust to the environment.

Demonstrative pronouns se and to

se — this (as a noun)

to — that (as a noun)

sey — this, these (before a noun, as an adjective)

toy — that, those (before a noun, as an adjective)

SE — this.

Used as a noun. Se, as compared with to, indicates a closer (in time or place) object, action, event, etc.

Se es auto. — This is a car (these are cars). (‘Se’ may be omitted in such sentences: Es auto. — This is a car, literally "is car".)

Me jan se. — I know this.

TO — that.

Used as a noun. To, as compared with se, indicates a more remote (in time or place) object, action, event, etc.

Se es auto e to es bisikla. — This is a car, and that is a bicycle.

To es avion, bu faula. — That is an airplane, not a bird.

Me ve shwo a yu om to. — I shall tell you about that.

Me jan to. — I know that/it.

To es — that is, i. e.

The expression "to ke" denotes "the thing(s) which, what":

To ke yu shwo a me es prave. — What you tell me is right.

SEY — this, these (before a noun, as an adjective).

Sey auto es hwan. — This car is yellow.

Sey autos es hwan. — These cars are yellow.

Ob sey dafta es yu-ney? — Is this copybook yours?

Sey daftas bu es yu-ney, es me-ney. — These copybooks aren't yours, they are mine.

TOY — that, those (before a noun, as an adjective).

Sey auto es hwan e toy auto es blu. — This car is yellow, and that car is blue.

Hu es toy jen? — Who is that person?

Ob toy dafta es yu-ney? — Is that copybook yours?

Toy daftas bu es yu-ney, es me-ney. — Those copybooks aren't yours, they are mine.

Sey-la, toy-la

Sey-la, toy-la — this (one) or that (one), the one — may replace objects already mentioned.

Examples:

Dai a me kitaba! — Kwel? — Sey-la on tabla. — Give me the book! — Which one? — The one on the table.

Dai a me kitabas! — Kwel? — Sey-las on tana. — Give me books! — Which ones? — These ones on the shelf.

Walaa dwa kitaba. Sey-la es hao e toy-la es buhao. — Here are two books. This one is good, and that one is bad.

Walaa daftas. Sey-las es fo skribi e toy-las es fo rasmi. — Here are copybooks. These are for writing, and those are for drawing.

Interrogative and relative pronouns

kwo

what:

Kwo es? — What is it?

Me jan kwo yu dumi. — I know what you think.

ke

1) that (relative pronoun):

Me jan ke yu lubi me. — I know that you love me.

2) begins a modifying group after a noun, without prepositions:

Kitaba ke yu he lekti. — The book that you have read.

Dom ke nu jivi. — The house in which we live.

Jen ke me shwo. — The man I am talking about.

Dao ke yu go. — The way you are going.

kwel

what, which (interrogative):

Kwel es lu? — What is he like?

Kwel de li? — Which (one) from them?

kel

which, what (relative):

jen kel zai lekti kitaba — the person that is reading a book;

kitaba om kel nu shwo-te — the book about which we spoke.

Combination "lo kel" means "what, which" as a noun:

Ela lai-te sun, lo kel joisi-te me gro. — She came quickly which pleased me much.

In the genitive kel-ney:

profesor kel-ney kitabas nulwan lekti — the professor whose books nobody reads.

komo

1) how, in what way:

Komo lu zin-te hir? — How did he enter here?

Me bu jan komo lu zin-te hir. — I don't know how he entered.

2) how, how much:

Komo gao es toy baum? — How high is that tree?

kom

1) as (in comparisons, references):

gran kom elefanta — big as an elefant;

kom me yo shwo-te — as I've already said;

2) as, in the capacity of:

nau me gun kom disainer — now I work as a designer.

kwanto

how much, as much, how many, as many:

kwanto it kosti? — how much does it cost?

Me bu ve pagi tanto kwanto lu yao. — I will not pay as much as he wants.

tanto

so much, so many, thus much:

tanto kway kom posible — as quick as possible

Me es gro-fatigi-ney! Bu gai gun tanto. — I am so tired! I shouldn't work so much.

tanto kwanto treba — as much as needed.

tanto ke me jan — as far as I know

bu tanto…kom — not so much…as.

Other

way —

why

wen —

when

wo —

where

fon wo —

where from