75. Ibid., pp. 124ff.
76. “Letter of an Old Bolshevik,” p. 62.
77. Bukharin Trial
, p. 510.78. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, p. 131.79. Nikita Khrushchev, Secret Speech.
80. Walter G. Krivitsky, In Stalin’s Secret Service
(London, 1939), p. 204.81. SSSR: Vnutrenie protivorechiya
, no. 22 (1988).82. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes;
Krivitsky, In Stalin’s Secret Service.83. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 159.84. SSSR: Vnutrenie protivorechiya
, no. 22 (1988).85. Pravda
, 24 March 1937; Fainsod, How Russia Is Ruled, pp. 56–57.86. Fainsod, How Russia Is Ruled
, p. 234.87. Nedelya
, no. 41 (1988).88. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, p. 117.89. Nedelya
, no. 41 (1988).90. “Ivan Ivanov,” in Sotsialisticheskiy vestnik
.91. Ibid.; Saunders, Samizat
, pp. 170ff.; Hrihory Kostiuk, Okayanni Roki (Toronto, 1978), p. 156; Nicolaevsky Archive, serial 1701, Hoover Institution Archives; Nedelya, no. 41 (1988).92. Bukharin Trial
, p. 556.93. Izvestiya TsK KPSS
, no. 8 (1989); G. A. Tokaev, Comrade X (London, 1956), pp. 56–57.94. Krivitsky, In Stalin’s Secret Service
, pp. 207–8, 230; Alexander Barmine, One Who Survived (New York, 1945), pp. 294–95; Politicheskoe obrazovanie, no. 15 (1988).95. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, p. 149.96. “Letter of an Old Bolshevik,” p. 63.
97. Ibid.
98. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, p. 162.99. Ibid., chap. 13.
100. N. Ulyanovskaya and M. Ulyanovskaya, Istoriia odnoy sem’ i
(New York, 1982), p. 136.101. Ibid., pp. 167–68.
102. Roy Medvedev, Nikolai Bukharin
(New York, 1980), p. 151.103. Ibid., p. 150.
104. Ibid.
105. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, p. 174; and see V. Petrov and E. Petrov, Empire of Fear (London, 1956), p. 45.106. Khrushchev, Secret Speech.
107. Shelepin, speech to the XXInd Party Congress.
108. Pravda
, 3 April 1964.109. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, pp. 168–69.110. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 16.111. Ibid., p. 37.
112. Ibid., p. 34.
113. Ibid., p. 39.
114. Victor Serge, From Lenin to Stalin
(London, 1937), p. 82.115. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 151.116. Ibid., p. 51.
117. Ibid., p. 61.
118. Ibid.
119. Ibid., p. 145.
120. Ibid., pp. 63–64.
121. Ibid., p. 66.
122. Ibid., p. 54.
123. Ibid., p. 68.
124. Ibid., p. 70.
125. Ibid., p. 81.
126. Ibid., p. 72.
127. Ibid., pp. 77–78.
128. Ibid., pp. 84–85.
129. Ibid., p. 81.
130. Ibid., p. 154.
131. Ibid., p. 153.
132. Rundschau
, September 1936, p. 1630.133. Isaac Don Levine, The Mind of an Assassin
(New York, 1959), p. 26.134. Pravda
, 21 August 1936.135. Socialdemocraten
, 1 September 1936.136. Dewey Commission, Not Guilty
(New York, 1937), p. 85.137. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, pp. 70–71.138. See especially Pierre Broué Manuscripts, Hoover Institution Archives.
139. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 103.140. Ibid.
141. Ibid., p. 105.
142. Ibid., p. 147.
143. Ibid., p. 116.
144. Izvestiya TsK KPSS
, no. 5 (1989).145. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 119.146. Ibid., p. 120.
147. Ibid., p. 128.
148. Ibid., pp. 152–53.
149. Ibid., p. 163.
150. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, p. 174.151. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 166.152. Ibid.
153. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, pp. 175–76.154. Zinoviev Trial
, p. 171.155. Ibid.
156. Serge, From Lenin to Stalin
, pp. 146–47; Nina Murray, I Spied for Stalin (New York, 1951); and see Neva, no. 6 (1988).157. Serge, From Lenin to Stalin
, p. 145; Emmanuel d’Astier de la Vigerie, Staline (Paris 1936), quoted in Sotsialisticheskaya industriya, 11 January 1989.158. Orlov, Secret History of Stalin’s Crimes
, pp. 104, 116.159. Roy Medvedev, Let History Judge
(New York, 1971), p. 273.160. Leningradskaya pravda
, 13 November 1988.161. Peter Yakir, “Letter to the Editor of Kommunist
,” 2 March 1969, translated in Survey, nos. 70–71(1969).162. Nedelya
, no. 25 (1988); Sotsialisticheskaya industriya, 11 January 1989.