The Invention of Nature

‘Humboldt’s favourite interests’: Haeckel to his parents, 21 October 1859, ibid., pp.117–18.

40

‘can’t have you travelling’: Carl Gottlob Haeckel to Ernst Haeckel, late 1859, di Gregori 2004, p.58; see also Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 26 November 1859, Haeckel 1921b, p.134.

41

‘tame’ professor: Haeckel to his parents, 21 October 1859, Haeckel 1921b, p.118.

42

‘delicate works of art’: Haeckel to his parents, 29 October 1859, ibid., pp.122–3.

43

‘most exquisite brilliance’: Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 29 February 1860, ibid., p.160.

44

daily life Messina: Haeckel to his parents, 29 October 1859; Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 16 December 1859, ibid., pp.124, 138.

45

thanks sea gods: Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 16 February 1860, ibid., p.155

46

‘made for me’: Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 29 February 1860, ibid., p.160.

47

‘poetic and delightful’: Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 29 February 1860, ibid.

48

one hundred new species: Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 10 and 24 March 1860, ibid., pp.165–6.

49

microscope and drawing simultaneously: Haeckel to his parents, 21 December 1852, Haeckel 1921a, p.26.

50

‘penetrated deeper into’: Haeckel 1899–1904, preface.

51

‘create a new “style”!!’: Haeckel to Allmers, 14 May 1860, Koop 1941, p.45.

52

‘crochet pattern’ (footnote): Allmers to Haeckel, 7 January 1862, ibid., p.79.

53

associate professor: Haeckel was made

Professor extraordinarius

in 1862 – comparable to an associate professor – and then

Professor ordinarius

in 1865, a full professorship; Richards 2009, pp.91, 115–16.

54

‘life-giving sunlight’: Haeckel to Anna Sethe, 15 June 1860, Haeckel 1927, p.100.

55

‘

a completely crazy book

’: Haeckel to Wilhelm Bölsche, 4 November 1899, Haeckel Bölsche Letters 2002, p.110; see also Di Gregorio 2004, pp.77–80.

56

‘open a new world’: Haeckel to Darwin, 9 July 1864, Darwin Correspondence, vol.12, p.482.

57

‘to all problems, however’: Ibid.

58

controversy

Origin of Species

: Browne 2006, pp.84–117.

59

‘pre–Darwinian sentiments’: Wilhelm Bölsche to Ernst Haeckel, 4 July 1913, Haeckel to Wilhelm Bölsche 18 October 1913, Haeckel Bölsche Letters 2002, pp.253–4.

60

Haeckel’s books on Darwin (footnote): Breidbach 2006, p.113; Richards 2009, p.2.

61

‘her German Darwin-man’: Haeckel to Darwin, 10 August 1864, Darwin Correspondence, vol.12, p.485.

62

‘life filled with happy’: Allmers to Haeckel, 25 August 1863, Koop 1941, p.93.

63

Haeckel and Anna’s death: Haeckel, ‘Aus einer Autobiographische Skizze vom Jahre 1874’, Haeckel 1927, pp.330–2; Haeckel 1924, p.xxiv.

64

‘I am dead on the’: Haeckel to Allmers, 27 March 1864, Richards 2009, p.106.

65

‘bitter grief’: Haeckel to Allmers, 20 November 1864, Richards 2009, p.115.

66

‘I intend to dedicate’: Haeckel to Darwin, 9 July 1864, Darwin Correspondence, vol.12, p.483.

67

lived like a hermit: Haeckel to Darwin, 11 November 1865, ibid., vol.13, p.475.

68

‘immune to praise’: Ibid.

69

Generelle Morphologie

(footnote): Haeckel 1866, vol.1, pp.xix, xxii, 4.

70

‘most magnificent eulogium’: Darwin to Haeckel, 18 August 1866, Darwin Correspondence, vol.14, p.294.

71

thick but ‘empty’ books: Haeckel 1866, vol.1, p.7; Richards 2009, p.164.

72

‘Darwin’s bulldog’: Browne 2003b, p.105; for Huxley on Haeckel, see Richards 2009, p.165.

73

use ‘pitchforks’: Haeckel to Thomas Huxley, 12 May 1867, Uschmann 1983, p.103.

74

‘long may my’: Haeckel to Darwin, 12 May 1867, Darwin Correspondence, vol.15, p.506.

75

coined

Oecologie

– ‘ecology’: Haeckel 1866, vol.1, p.8, footnote and vol.2, pp.235–6, 286ff.; see also Haeckel’s inaugural lecture at Jena, 12 January 1869, Haeckel 1879, p.17; Worster 1977, p.192.

76

‘system of active forces’: Haeckel 1866, vol.1, p.11; see also vol.2, p.286; for AH see AH Aspects 1849, vol.1, p.272; AH Views 2014, p.147; AH Ansichten 1849, vol.1, p.337.

77

‘science of the relationships’: Haeckel 1866, vol.2, p.287; see also vol.1, p.8, footnote and vol.2, pp.235–6; Haeckel’s inaugural lecture at Jena, 12 January 1869, Haeckel 1879, p.17.

78

‘hand in hand’ (footnote): Haeckel to his parents, 7 February 1854, Haeckel 1921a, p.93.

79

‘oldest and most favourite’: Haeckel to his parents, 27 November 1866, Uschmann 1983, p.90.

80

Haeckel visited Darwin: Haeckel to Darwin, 19 October 1866; Darwin to Haeckel, 20 October 1866, Darwin Correspondence, vol.14, pp.353, 358; Haeckel to friends, 24 October 1866, Haeckel 1923, p.29; Bölsche 1909, p.179.

81

‘dead silence’: Henrietta Darwin to George Darwin, 21 October 1866, Richards 2009, p.174.

82

‘unforgettable’ moment: Haeckel 1924, p.xix; see also Haeckel to friends, 24 October 1866, Haeckel 1923, p.29; Bölsche 1909, p.179.

83

‘one unified whole’: Haeckel 1901, p.56.

84

Haeckel’s three assistants: Richard Greeff, Hermann Fol and Nikolai Miklucho; Richards 2009, p.176.

85

‘highly satisfying’: Haeckel to his parents, 27 November 1866, Haeckel 1923, p.42ff.

86

‘a great animal soup’: Haeckel 1867, p.319.

87

quiet mourning after Lanzarote: Haeckel, ‘Aus einer autobiographische Skizze vom Jahre 1874’, Haeckel 1827, p.330; Haeckel 1924, p.xxiv.

88