Russia. A History

Peking 79

Pelevin, V. 513

pensions 425, 434, 437, 466, 481–2, 497, 502, 511–12, 525–6

People’s Deputies 459–61, 465, 554

People’s Rights Party 240

People’s Will 240, 246, 546

peredvizhniki 218

Pereiaslavl 5, 10, 12–14, 46, 57, 85

perestroika xxi, 435, 450–1, 457–61, 504, 513, 553–4

Perevolochna 116

Perm 34–5, 52

Perry, J. 107, 109

Persia 15, 129, 195

Peru 475, 478

Perun 6

pessimists 263

Peter and Paul Cathedral 123

Peter and Paul Fortress 114

Peter I (‘the Great’) xiii, 63, 78–9, 82, 90, 95, 98, 100, 112, 124, 126, 128–9, 131, 135, 141, 151, 155, 160, 174, 192, 238, 244, 543

Peter II 116, 125–6, 543–4

Peter III 132, 134, 141, 146–7, 149–50, 155–6, 544

Peter, Metropolitan 22, 25–6, 58

Peterhof 118

Petersburg soviet 253, 255

Peterson, A.M. 420

Petitions Chancery 57

Petrashevskii circle 193–4, 546

Petrograd 273–7, 279–80, 286, 288, 290–1, 293, 295, 298, 312, 348, 548

Petrograd soviet 275–7, 279–80, 290, 548

Petrovskoe 142

Photius, Metropolitan 29

Piatakov, G.L. 311, 365, 550

Pimen, Metropolitan 26

Pipes, R. 283

plague 53

Platonov 64, 80

Plehve, G. 250

Plekhanov, G. 547

Plenipotentiary (polpred) 508

Pobedonostsev, K.P. 230–1

Podgornyi, N.V. 434, 438

pogroms 256, 286, 303, 350, 432, 547–8

Poland 9, 14, 18, 59, 70, 72–7, 83–6, 98, 103, 105–6 116, 123, 135–6, 151, 174–5, 186, 195, 197, 224, 244, 256, 278, 296, 371, 378, 382, 402, 418, 449, 460, 484, 517, 523, 541–2, 544–5, 551, 557, 561–2

Poland-Lithuania 103, 106, 541–2

Poliane 3

Polianovka 78

Policeystaat 93

Polish constitution (1791) 136

Polish rebellion of 1830–1: 545

Polish rebellion of 1863: 224, 546

Polish sejm 72, 75, 181

Polish Succession, War of, 129, 544

Politburo 313, 315, 345, 349, 364–6, 404, 414, 418, 420, 435, 438–40, 446–8, 450, 452–3, 456–7, 459, 549–50

Politkovskaia, A. 505, 561

poll tax 124, 137–9, 142, 144, 154, 207, 221, 232, 547

Polotsk 4, 90, 93, 97

Polotskii, S. 90, 93, 97

Polovtsy 9–11, 13, 539

Polozkov, I. 554

Poltava 114–7, 121, 543, 547

Poltava

111

Pomerantsev, V. 413

pomest’e 46

Popular Front 361, 370

population xi, 7–9, 11, 22, 34–8, 54, 56, 58, 72, 79, 81, 91, 120, 129, 134, 136–9, 141–2, 144, 147, 151, 153–5, 158, 214, 221, 223, 237–8, 256, 308, 314, 328, 337, 343, 350, 352–4, 369, 380, 384–6, 390–1, 393, 395, 402, 406, 408, 416, 427–8, 430, 443–4, 460, 462, 464, 473, 481–3, 486, 497, 509, 511–16, 520–3

populism 226–8, 230, 238, 241, 246–7, 345, 366, 409–10, 414, 421, 427, 546

poruchnye zapisi 40

posad xxi, 37, 39, 47, 54

positivism 265

posluzhil’tsy 46

Pososhkov, I. 112

Postnikov, P. 105–7

Potanin, V. 469, 561

Potemkin, G. 135, 149

Potsdam Conference 393, 551

poverty line 425, 444, 481, 510

‘power ministries’ 502

Pozharskii, d. 72, 133, 541

Poznan 418

Pravda x, 349, 363, 409, 413, 415, 418, 431, 550

Predestinatsiia 108

Preobrazhenskii Bureau 105, 114, 126

Preobrazhenskii, E. 324–6

Preobrazhenskoe 87, 102, 104, 118

Presidential Council 461

presidential elections 491, 501, 507, 556, 558, 560

Presidium 410–11, 422, 435

price revolution 153, 155

prikaz xxi, 52, 77, 80

Primary Chronicle 3, 8, 27

‘primitive socialist accumulation’ 324

Prinkipo Conference 300

Primakov, E. 468–9, 492, 557

printing 78, 157, 162, 164, 194, 414

Pripet marshes 375, 382

Prisoner of the Mountains 473

privatization 465–6, 472–3, 475, 477, 479–80, 490, 504, 555–7

professions 60, 219–22, 235, 283, 356, 358–9, 363, 366, 403, 513

Progressive Bloc 271, 276, 548

Prokof’ev, S.S. 397

Prokopovich, Feofan 118, 123, 126, 159

Poletkult xxi, 304, 337

Promethianism 345

prostitution 327, 483

Protestantism 43, 126

provincial administration 158, 277, 544

Provisional Duma Committee 275

Provisional Government 274–81, 283–8, 290, 293, 297, 299, 301, 303, 548

Prussia 33, 106, 116, 123, 134–6, 174, 196, 382, 402

Pruth campaign 120, 543

Pskov 15, 32, 35, 40, 47–8, 51, 56, 82–3, 86, 540, 542

PSR see Party of Socialist

Revolutionaries

Public Chamber 560

publishing 117, 158, 163, 165, 437; see also newspapers;

printing

Pudovkin, V.I. 338, 397

Pugachev, E. 156–7

Pugachev Rebellion 132, 155–6, 158, 544

purges 341, 355–6, 360, 363–6, 369, 371–2, 377–8, 388, 402, 404; see also Great Terror

Pushkin, A.S. 66, 190, 192, 361

Putilov factory 251

Putin, V.V. xiv, 451, 471, 488, 527, 558–62

putsch (1991) 463–4, 554

Pyrmont 121

quitrent (obrok) 148, 153–4

rabfak xxi, 334

Rabonowitch, A. 286

Rabkrin xxi; see Workers’ and

Peasants’ Inspectorate

Radek, K. 365, 550

Radimichi 4

Radio Liberty 505

Radishchev, A.N. 164, 545

Raeff, M. 134

railways 196, 216, 253, 275, 353, 385

Rajk, L. 402

Rapallo, Treaty of, 320, 549

Rasputin, G. 267, 271, 548

rationalism 184

Razin, F. 83

Razin Rebellion 84, 89, 542

Razin, S. 84

raznochintsy 137

razriadnye knigi 50

re-kulakization 350

Reagan, R. 450, 457, 517, 553

realism 190–1, 265, 301, 413, 515

Red Army 289, 298, 300, 302–3, 327, 337, 354, 365, 371, 374, 377–83, 386, 392, 395–6, 550

Red Guards 288

Red Professors, Institute of, 334–5, 339

Red Scare 319

Red Square 72, 95–6, 118–198, 230, 312, 385, 438