Пустые калории. Почему мы едим то, что не является едой, и при этом не можем остановиться

16 Swinburn BA, Kraak VI, Allender S, Atkins VJ, Baker PI, Bogard JR, et al. The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: the Lancet Commission report. Lancet 2019; 393: 791–846.

17 National Food Strategy, 2021.

18 OECDiLibrary. Obesity Among Children. 2019 Доступно по ссылке: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/ sites/health_glance_eur-2018-26-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/health_glance_eur-2018-26-en.

19 Enserink M. Did natural selection make the Dutch the tallest people on the planet? 2015. Доступно по ссылке: https://www.science.org/content/article/did-natural-selection-make-dutch-tallest-people-planet.

20 Haines G. Why are the Dutch so tall? 2020. Доступно по ссылке: https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20200823-why-are-the-dutch-so-tall#:~:text=A%20land%20of%20giants%2C%20the,cm%20 and%20163.5cm%20respectively.

21 García OP, Long KZ, Rosado JL. Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity. Nutrition Review 2009; 67: 559–72.

13. Вкус у УПП тоже странный

1 Chandrashekar J, Kuhn C, Oka Y, et al. The cells and peripheral representation of sodium taste in mice. Nature 2010; 464: 297–301.

2 Breslin PAS. An evolutionary perspective on food and human taste. Current Biology 2013; 23: R409–18.

3 Keast RSJ, Breslin PAS. An overview of binary taste – taste interactions. Food Quality and Preference 2003; 14: 111–24.

4 Henquin J-C. Do pancreatic β cells «taste» nutrients to secrete insulin? Science Signaling

2012; 5: e36.

5 Behrens M, Meyerhof W. Gustatory and extragustatory functions of mammalian taste receptors. Physiology & Behavior 2011; 105: 4–13.

6 Chandrashekar et al, 2010.

7 Breslin, 2013.

8 Breslin, 2013.

9 Breslin, 2013.

1 °Coca-Cola. Does Coca-Cola contain cocaine? 2020. Доступно по ссылке: https://www.coca-cola.co.uk/ our-business/faqs/does-coca-cola-contain-cocaine.

11 Tucker KL, Morita K, Qiao N, Hannan MT, Cupples LA, Kiel DP. Colas, but not other carbonated beverages, are associated with low bone mineral density in older women: The Framingham Osteoporosis Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006; 84: 936–42.

12 Veldhuizen MG, Babbs RK, Patel B, et al. Integration of sweet taste and metabolism determines carbohydrate reward. Current Biology 2017; 27: 2476–2485.

13 Lopez O, Jacobs A. In town with little water, Coca-Cola is everywhere. So is diabetes. 2018. Доступно по ссылке: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/14/world/americas/mexico-coca-cola-diabetes.html.

14 Imamura F, O’Connor L, Ye Z, et al. Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction. British Medical Journal 2015; 351: h3576.

15 Fowler SP, Williams K, Resendez RG, et al. Fueling the obesity epidemic? Artificially sweetened beverage use and long-term weight gain. Obesity 2008; 16: 1894–900.

16 Fowler SPG. Low-calorie sweetener use and energy balance: results from experimental studies in animals, and large-scale prospective studies in humans. Physiology & Behavior 2016; 164: 517–23.

17 Nettleton JA, Lutsey PL, Wang Y, et al. Diet soda intake and risk of incident metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Diabetes Care

2009; 32: 688–94.

18 Gallagher AM, Ashwell M, Halford JCG, et al. Low-calorie sweeteners in the human diet: scientific evidence, recommendations, challenges and future needs. A symposium report from the FENS 2019 conference. Journal of Nutritional Science 2021; 10: e7.

19 Tate DF, Turner-McGrievy G, Lyons E, et al. Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adults: main results of the Choose Healthy Options Consciously Everyday (CHOICE) randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 95: 555–63.

20 Miller PE, Perez V. Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2014; 100: 765–77.

21 Tate et al, 2012.

22 Sylvetsky AC, Figueroa J, Zimmerman T, et al. Consumption of lowcalorie sweetened beverages is associated with higher total energy and sugar intake among children, NHANES 2011–2016. Pediatric Obesity 2019; 14: e12535.

23 Dalenberg JR, Patel BP, Denis R, et al. Short-term consumption of sucralose with, but not without, carbohydrate impairs neural and metabolic sensitivity to sugar in humans. Cellular Metabolism 2020; 31: 493–502.