Reference grammar of Lidepla

a) -kin (diminutive, with some change of quality): barela (barrel) – barelakin (keg)

b) -gron (magnifying, with some change of meaning): denta (tooth) – dentagron (tusk)

2.2. Other:

a) -inka (particle): snega (snow) – sneginka (snowflake)

b) -tot (a whole, a total): rishta (a relative) – rishtatot (all relatives, a clan)

c) yun- (a young): kota (cat) – yunkota (kitten)

d) pra- (ancestor): opa (grandfather) – praopa (great-grandfather), lingwa (language) – pralingwa (parent language)

e) -ista (relating to a doctrine or a profession): denta (tooth) – dentista (dentist)

f) -nik (bearer of some characteristic feature): kitaba (book) – kitabnik (book lover)

g) -dan (a container): nayu (butter) – nayudan (butterdish)

h) fuy- (disgust): jen (person) – fuy-jen (nasty person)

i) stif- (step-): - mata (mother) – stif-mata (stepmother)

j) -inloo (indirect kinship) (colloq.): brata (brother) – brata-inloo (cousin)

3. Adjective[edit]

3.1. bu- (negation, but not opposition): gran (big) – bugran (not big)

3.2. -ish ("to some degree"): blan (white) – blanish (whitish), hao (good) – haoish (passable)

4. Verb[edit]

4.1. Prefixes of aspect

a) en- (beginning): lubi (to love) – en-lubi (to fall in love)

b) ek- (one time or suddenly): krai (to cry) – ek-krai (to give a cry)

4.2. Opposite action: de(s)-: sharji (to charge) – desharji (to unload, to discharge)

4.3. Other prefixes

a) ras- (separation, division, or dispersion): dai (to give) – rasdai (to distribute, give to several people)

b) ri- (again): zwo (to do) – rizwo (to do anew)

c) ko- (together): senti (to feel) – ko-senti (sympathize (with), feel (for))

d) be- (changes the object): dumi (to think) – bedumi koysa (ponder over something), chori (to steal) – bechori koywan (to rob somebody) Prepositions[edit]

1. The place of a preposition

1.1. After a preposition there may be:

a) a noun (or a noun group): fo (for) molya (wife) – for wife

b) a verb: fo (for) miti (to meet) – in order to meet

c) ke + phrase: fo (for) ke ("that") yu (you) samaji (to understand) – in order that you understand

1.2. If necessary, the preposition may be put after the word. In this case there has to be the particle den: den kinda (child) om (about) – about the child

2. Simple prepositions[edit]

2.1. belonging: de: kitaba (book) de boy (boy) – the book of the boy

2.2. direction: a: dai (to give) a me (I) – give me

2.3. purpose: fo: dona (gift) fo yu (you) – a gift for you

2.4. cause: por: bu (not) lai (to come) por morba (desease) – not come because of a disease

2.5. topic, object: om: dumi (to think) om molya (wife) – to think about the wife

2.6. with, without: kun, sin: promeni (to walk) kun kinda (child) – to walk with the child, chay (tea) sin sukra (sugar) – tea without sugar

2.7. doer, tool: bay: chi (to eat) bay chiza (spoon) – to eat with a spoon, gana (song) (skriben (written)) bay Vysotski – a song by Vesotski

2.8. object of action: an: kansa (glance) an dom (house) – a glance at the house

2.9. accordance: segun: plei (to play) segun regula (rule) – to play according to the rules