Grammaire de Lidepla

farmakyuan — pharmacien

gaskyuan — gazier

kortayuan — courtisan

kraiyuan — crieur public, héraut

laoyuan — doyen d'âge, ancien

masuyuan — boucher

sobreyuan — principal, supérieur, chef

subyuan — subordonné

Les préfixes anti-, arki-, auto-, bi-, ex-, mono-, multi-, poli-, pseudo-, retro- se retrouvent dans le vocabulaire scientifique et technique et gardent leur signification internationale. On les écrit sans trait d'union. Prepositions, conjunctions

A

1) preposition of aim, direction, "to":

Treba go a shop. — One should go to the shop.

Lu he returni a Moskva. — He returned to Moscow.

2) dative case preposition, "to":

Me dai kitaba a ela. — I give the book to her.

Me rakonti a yu. — I tell you.

Ela shwo a lu. — She says to him.

Afte

After (in temporal as well as spatial meaning); in (in temporal meaning):

un afte otre — one after another

afte se — after this

afte tri dey — in three days

aftemanya — the day after tomorrow

Al

1) with verbs denotes simultaneity of actions (= "verb+yen"):

Al pasi bus-stopika me he vidi ke lu stan dar. — Passing the bus-stop I saw him standing there.

al shwo om se — when speaking about it;

al kupi auto — when buying a car

2) introduces current circumstances, situation, denotes simultaneity:

al to — at that, in the process

al bakdao — on the way back

al klosi-ney dwar — behind closed doors, with doors closed

al sey halat — under these conditions

al un-ney kansa — at first sight

Me joi al vidi yu. — I am glad to see you.

Along

Along:

along riva — along the river

along gata — along the street

Aus

(preposition and adverb) out (of):

1) expresses movement outwards:

Lai aus! — Come out!

Lu go-te aus shamba. — He went out of the room.

2) denotes material:

botela aus glas — bottle made of glass, glass bottle

Ausen

(preposition and adverb) outside (at what place?), beyond the limits of:

ausen dom — outside the house

Me jivi ausen urba. — I live out of town.

Dwar bu ofni fon ausen. — The door does not open from outside.

Ausen ye frosta. — It freezes outdoors.

ausen-temperatura — the outside temperature

lo ausen — the outside

Avanen

(preposition and adverb) ahead (of):

avanen kolona — ahead of the column

Lu es dalem avanen. — He is far ahead.

May kloka es pet minuta avanen. — My watch is 5 minutes fast.

Baken

(preposition and adverb) behind (at what place?):

Surya bin baken badal. — The sun was behind the clouds.

urba resti baken — the city stayed behind

My kloka es pet minuta baken. — My watch is 5 minutes slow.

Bay

1) introduces a means or tool, "by", "with", "by means of":

ta he darbi ta bay stik — he/she hit her/him with a stick

Treba replasi lao bataria bay nove-la. — One should replace the old battery with new one.

bay forsa — by force

Ela lai-te bay avion. — She came by airplane.

bay tren — by train

sendi leta bay aviameil — to send a letter by air mail

bay to ke — in that, by the fact that:

Ais farki fon akwa bay to ke it es twerde. — Ice differs from water in that it is solid.

2) refers to doer or author:

Se es zwo-ney bay me. — This is done by me.

kitaba bay Gogol — book by Gogol

Bifoo

Before (in temporal as well as spatial meaning):

Wosh handas bifoo chifan! — Wash your hands before eating!

Lu zai stan-te bifoo me. — He was standing before me.

bifoo ke lu en-somni — before he fell asleep

bifoo-ney — former

Bikos

Because (= por ke).

Bli

(preposition and adverb) near, nearby, beside, close by:

bli may dom — near my house

bli klok char — around 4 o'clock (one may say also "sirke klok char")

Ela zai sidi bli. — She is sitting beside.

Dabe

In order to, in order that:

dabe oli samaji problema... — in order that everyone understands the problem...

dabe zwo olo kom gai... — in order to do everything as needed...

Dank a

Thanks to:

dank a lu — thanks to him

dank a fakta ke... — thanks to the fact that...

De

The preposition of genitive case, "of":

lingwa de planeta — the language of planet

deskovra de Amerika bay Kolombo — the discovery of America by Columbus

The preposition may also denote an amount or portion of something:

tasa de chay — a cup of tea (but 'tasa chay' is also acceptable)

Depos

Since, starting from, for (in temporal meaning):

Me es hir depos klok shi. — I have been here since ten o'clock.

depos ke me lai hir — since I came here

depos longtaim — long since

Do

Preposition introducing a specific characteristic, distinctive feature, or purpose of object:

gela do grin okos — green-eyed girl

okula do surya — sun spectacles

jen do lignagamba — a man with wooden leg

es kosa do ridi — this is ridiculous

mashina do skribi — typewriter

Duran

During:

duran gwer — during the war

duran laste dwa yar — in the course of the last two years

duran ke — while

duran to — meanwhile

E

And:

me e yu — me and you

me sal go a kino, e yu? — I am going to go to the cinema, and you?

See i

Ewalaa